Ch 53 Population Ecology

Question 1

3 key characteristics of a population

Answer 1

Density
Age structure
Overall size

Question 2

Density

Answer 2

Number of individuals in an area or volume

Question 3

Arrangement

Answer 3

Dispersion

Question 4

Types of dispersion

Answer 4

1. Clumped (Aggregated)
2. Uniform (i.e. penguins) - not random
3. Random

Question 5

Population size results from…

Answer 5

Forces that add/subtract individuals

Question 6

Population size additions

Answer 6

Births for animals
Seed production for plants
Immigration

Question 7

Population size subtractions

Answer 7

Deaths

Emigration

Question 8

How do we measure dynamic processes?

Answer 8

Sample vs census

Question 9

Mark recapture

Answer 9

Capturing a number of animals, marking them, releasing them back into the population, and then determining the ratio of marked to unmarked animals in the population

Question 10

Demography (5 steps)

Answer 10

• Create a life table
• Follow a cohort
• Express summaries as proportion
• Create a survivorship curve
• Reproductive table

Question 11

Population dynamics & demography can vary with life history traits such as (4 things):

Answer 11

1. Reproduction age
2. Number of reproductive episodes
3. Number of offspring per cycle
4. Reproductive tradeoffs depending on environmental conditions

Question 12

Single reproductive episode might occur in

Answer 12

Undependable environment

Question 13

Multiple reproductive episodes might occur in

Answer 13

Dependable environment

Question 14

Population

Answer 14

group of individuals of a single species living in

same area & interacting

Question 15

Population estimate equation

Answer 15

(First capture x Second capture)/Recaptured

Question 16

Cohort

Answer 16

a group of animals of the same species

Question 17

Examples of reproductive tradeoffs depending on environmental conditions (4 things)

Answer 17

1. Predictability of rainfall
2. Predictability of food
3. Likelihood of right soil/light conditions
4. Risk of predation

Question 18

Calc equation to to represent pop growth rate at instant in time

Answer 18

dN/dt = rN
N = population size
t =  time
r = per capita rate of increase

Question 19

per capita rate of population increase =

Answer 19

growth rate x pop size

Question 20

logistic model includes:

Answer 20

carrying capacity (K)

Question 21

formula to calculate how much of resource remains

Answer 21

(K-N)/K

Question 22

Logistic growth yields:

Answer 22

an S-shaped curve

Question 23

Regulation of populations (6 things)

Answer 23

1. Resource competition
2. Disease
3. Predation
4. Territoriality
5. Intrinsic factors
6. Toxic waste

Question 24

metapopulation

Answer 24

number of local populations are linked

Question 25

An individual’s ability to move between populations

depends on a number of factors, including ______

Answer 25

Genetic makeup