Brain electrophysiology

Question 1

What is brain electrophysiology?

Answer 1

The recording of single cell electrical activity, EEG, ERP, EFP and other measures of electric and magnetic brain activity.

Question 2

What is single cell recording usually used for?

Answer 2

Animal studying/

Question 3

What is EEG?

Answer 3

The measure of electrical activity from the scalp.

Question 4

What is a challenge of EEG?

Answer 4

Only 1/40 and 1/80 of electrical conductivity of the brain is in the skull, may not be fully representative.

Question 5

What is the purpose of SMR?

Answer 5

Sensory and motor cortex use it to communicate and interact with the environment efficiently.

Question 6

What does SMR stand for and how many Hz is it?

Answer 6

Sensory motor rhythm, 13-15Hz.

Question 7

What is the band function for instinct?

Answer 7

Delta: survival, deep sleep, coma, problem solving. Unconscious..

Question 8

What is the band function for emotions?

Answer 8

Thelta: feelings, dreams, creativity.

Question 9

What is the band function for conciousness?

Answer 9

Alpha: Body awareness, reading, meditation.

Question 10

What is the band function for focus?

Answer 10

SMR: mental alertness, physical relaxation.

Question 11

What is the band function for thought?

Answer 11

Beta: Perception, mental activity, attention, focus.

Question 12

What is the band function for will?

Answer 12

Gamma: Extreme focus, energy, learning, cognitive processing.

Question 13

What is EMG?

Answer 13

Electromyography measures muscle response. Detects muscle activity from subtle gestures.

Question 14

What can EMG be used for?

Answer 14

The signals are used to control a prothesis or human machine interactions and testing for invisible neuromuscular activity.

Question 15

What is EDA?

Answer 15

Electrical conductance of the skin in response to sweat secretion. Using methods such as skin conductance and response (SCR) and skin conductance levels (SCL).

Question 16

What can EDA measure?

Answer 16

Stress, arousal, emotion and cognitive load.

Question 17

What are ERP’s categorised by?

Answer 17

Polarity, latency, amplitude and topographic distribution .

Question 18

What is the ERP effect?

Answer 18

Modulation of an ERP component (change in format) or the difference between two ERP waves.

Question 19

What do open brain EEG, ECoG’s measure?

Answer 19

Electroencephalographic signals directly from surgically exposed cerebral cortex. Detecting cortical regions with epileptform interictal discharge. (A wave form)

Question 20

Why are open EEG’s and ECoG’s a promising method?

Answer 20

Get deeper into the skull and pick up more signals than the skin or skull surface.

Question 21

What do magneto-encephalo-graphy measure?

Answer 21

Magnetic fields from outside the head that are generated by electrical currents within the brain. Allows interference to the brain activity.

Question 22

Why are magneto-encephalo-graphy good?

Answer 22

Can use helmets to fit everyone, including kids therefore do not have to sit still and can be more comfortable, making it suitable for a variety of people.