Chapter 9 Flashcards
Valence electrons
The outershell electrons of an atom. These electrons participate in chemical bonding
Lattice energy
The energy required to completely separate one mole of a solid ionic compound into gaseous ions
Lattice energy equation
E = k(q+ x q-) / r
Letters in lattice energy equation
E is the potential energy, q+ is the charge on the cation, q- is the change on the anion, r is the distance between the ions
Covalent bond
A chemical bond in which two or more electrons are shared by two atoms
Double bond
Two atoms share two pairs of electrons
Triple bond
Two atoms share three pairs of electrons
Electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract toward itself the electrons in a chemical bond
A resonance structure
One of two or more Lewis structures for a single molecule that cannot be represented accurately by only one Lewis structure
Electronegativity increases going which directions on the periodic table?
Going up and to the right it increases
Ionic bond is usually…
- Metal + Nonmetal
- Ions (+,-)
- Transfer electrons
Covalent bond is usually
- NM + NM
- Partial charges
- sharing electrons
Non-polar covalent bond
Electrons are shared equally (polar , unequal sharing)
Pure covalent bonds
Electrons are shared equally between two atoms involved
Polar covalent bond
Unequal distribution of electrons between the nuclei of two atoms
