Organic Molecules & Structures - Organic Chem (7.1)

Question 1

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 1

An organic molecule that contains only C & H atoms

Question 2

What is the main feature of an alkane?

Answer 2

Contains only C-C single bonds

Question 3

What is the main feature of an alkene?

Answer 3

Contain at least one C=C double bond

Question 4

What is the main feature of an alkyne?

Answer 4

Contain at least one carbon triple bond

Question 5

What is the suffix of alkynes?

Answer 5

-yne

Question 6

Give 3 features of alkanes

Answer 6

• They are fully saturated (no double bonds)
• General formula: CnH2n+2
• All C atoms form 4 bonds w/ a bond angle of 109.5

Question 7

What is the suffix of alkanes?

Answer 7

-ane

Question 8

Give 3 features of alkenes

Answer 8

• They are unsaturated (1+ C=C double bond)
• General formula: CnH2n
• Are planar around the double bond with bond angle of 120

Question 9

Give 3 features of alkynes

Answer 9

• They are unsaturated (1+ C&C triple bond)
• General formula: CnH2n-2
• Are linear & have bond angle of 180 around triple bond

Question 10

What is the suffix of alkenes?

Answer 10

-ene

Question 11

When there are 3+ Cs in alkenes & alkynes we have to…

Answer 11

say which C&C bond is unsaturated - count to give the lowest number

Question 12

What are the prefixes of cyclic hydrocarbons?

Answer 12

cyclo-

Question 13

Molecules are identical when the chain branches. True or false?

Answer 13

False. Molecules are NOT identical when the chain branches.

Question 14

Give the 3 steps to naming branched chain molecules

Answer 14

1. Find the principle chain (longest C chain)
2. Name & number the side chains (number from end which gives lowest sum of numbers overall)
3. List multiple side chains in alphabetical order

Question 15

If there are identical side chains that appear more than once what should you do? (when naming the molecule)

Answer 15

Collate the numbers & prefix with di (2), try (3), tetra (4)…
(When arranging in alphabetical order you now look at the di, tri etc.)

Question 16

Give a quick note on naming molecules (punctuation & spacing)

Answer 16

• Numbers are separated from words w/ hyphen
• Numbers are separated from numbers w/ commas
• There is usually no gap between side chains & the principle chain