World History Unit 1 Flashcards
1
Q
direct democracy
A
citizens vote for laws/policies, majority wins, people have power
2
Q
aristocracy
A
small group of noble class rule, lose wealth/social status = lose power
3
Q
oligarchy
A
small group of people rule, based on wealth and success
4
Q
republic
A
representative democracy, people vote for representatives to make policies
5
Q
monarchy
A
one person (king/queen) rules hereditary monarchy: power passed down by generation, stays in family constitutional monarchy: power is limited by constitution, less political authority
6
Q
why was athens not a real democracy
A
only male citizens (12% of population) could vote, other 88% couldn’t (women, children, slaves, etc)
7
Q
2 ways governments gain power
A
divine right / social contract
8
Q
What is divine right?
A
The right to rule derived from god
9
Q
what was the social contract?
A
sovereignty = power given to government willingly by people
10
Q
Ideas of Hobbes
A
- strong government/social contract
- aristocracy/monarchy
- men are naturally greedy and selfish
11
Q
Ideas of Locke
A
- natural rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness/property)
- people have the right to rebel
- people can govern themselves
12
Q
Ideas of Montesquieu
A
- separation of power
- misogynistic/supported slavery
- branches limit/balance each others power
- people were not equal
