Stroke

Question 1

What is a stroke?

Answer 1

Rapid decline in cerebral function due to inadequate blood supply

Question 2

What is the difference between a TIA and stroke?

Answer 2

TIA is a short episode (less than 24hrs) that does not result in loss of cerebral function or unconsciousness

Question 3

What are the 2 main types of stroke?

Answer 3

Haemorrhagic

Ischaemic (infarct)

Question 4

What is usually the cause of haemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 4

Structural abnormality due to hypertension

Question 5

What is usually the cause of ischaemic stroke?

Answer 5

Atherothrombosis

Question 6

List the main functions of the frontal lobe of the brain

Answer 6

Personality
Emotional response
Social behaviour

Question 7

List the main functions of the dominant side of the parietal lobe of the brain

Answer 7

Calculation
Language
Planned movement
Appreciating size, weight and texture

Question 8

List the main functions of the non-dominant side of the parietal lobe of the brain

Answer 8

Spatial awareness

Constructional skills

Question 9

List the main functions of the occipital lobe of the brain

Answer 9

Vision analysis

Question 10

List the main functions of the dominant side of the temporal lobe of the brain

Answer 10

Auditory perception
Speech and language
Verbal memory
Smell

Question 11

List the main functions of the non-dominant side of the temporal lobe of the brain

Answer 11

Music and tone sequences

Non-verbal memory

Question 12

Which imaging is used to find the presence of a cerebral infarct or haemorrhage?

Answer 12

CT scan

MRI

Question 13

List supportive imaging that can help investigate aetiology of a stroke

Answer 13

Carotid scan
Angiogram
ECG
Echocardiograph

Question 14

What is the mainstay of treatment for stroke?

Answer 14

Thrombolysis (alteplase)