Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MMI 133 > LEC 3 > Flashcards

LEC 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what are general characteristics of prokaryotes (2)

A
  1. small

2. unicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what do proteins of prokaryotes start with

A

formylmethionine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do proteins of eukaryotes start with

A

methionine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is able to detect formylmethionine in prokaryotes

A

WBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are plasmids of prokaryotes

A

genetic elements that can be transferred from one bacteria to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what surrounds PM of prokaryotes

A

cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does cell wall of prokaryotes contain

A

PG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what surrounds cell wall of prokaryotes

A

capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is capsule composed of

A

polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do pili attach to

A

PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is endosymbiotic theory

A
  1. bacteria infected eukaryote
  2. bacteria provided en for eukaryote
  3. eukaryote kept bacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what did eukaryote keep bacteria as

A

mito

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is en produced in prokaryotes

A

PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is gram pos bacteria

A

bacteria that retain CV iodine complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is gram neg bacteria

A

bacteria the do not retain CV iodine complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do lipopolysaccharides contain

A

lipid A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where can lipopolysaccharide be found

A

outer mem of gram neg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is periplasm

A

space bw PM and outer mem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how does penicillin work

A

act on PG in cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

why are gram neg less susceptible to penicillin

A

outer mem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is ZN stain used for (2)

A
  1. detect mycobacterium tuberculosis
  2. detect organisms with high lipid content / wax content in cell walls
  3. detect cryptosporidium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

why are mycobacterium tuberculosis stained with ZN

A

mycolic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is function of pili (2)

A
  1. attaching to cells

2. transferring plasmid

24
Q

what is the function of capsule (1)

A

evasion of WBC

25
Q

what are layers for gram pos

A

PM to cell wall

26
Q

what are layers for gram neg

A

PM to cell wall to outer mem

27
Q

what is PG

A

mesh

28
Q

where is lipid component of lipopolysaccharide

A

in outer mem

29
Q

where does polysaccharide component of lipopolysaccharide project

A

outward

30
Q

what does teichoic acid of gram pos attach to

A

PG in cell wall

31
Q

what does teichoic acid give to cell

A

neg charge

32
Q

what do prokaryotes contain in PM

A

phospholipids

33
Q

what is nucleoid

A

nuclear region of prokaryote

34
Q

what are inclusions

A

vacuoles containing nutrients

35
Q

C DIFF what kind of infections does c diff cause

A

nosocomial infections

36
Q

C DIFF what is gram morphology

A

gram pos bacillus

37
Q

C DIFF what does anaerobic mean

A

grows in absence of oxygen

38
Q

C DIFF what does aerobic mean

A

grows in presence of oxygen

39
Q

C DIFF what is ineffective form of cdiff

A

endospore

40
Q

C DIFF what are endospores

A

dormant / resting form of bacteria

41
Q

C DIFF what does hard coat of endospore contain

A

genetic information

42
Q

C DIFF what is the function of spores

A

allow bacteria to protect genetic information

43
Q

C DIFF what do endospores undergo to become growing bacteria / vegetative bacteria

A

germination

44
Q

C DIFF what are inactivated endospores unable to do

A

germinate

45
Q

C DIFF what is mode of transmission

A

fecal oral

46
Q

C DIFF when will spores germinate

A

reach intestines

47
Q

C DIFF what cannot inactivate endospores

A

alcohol

48
Q

what are virulence factors

A

molecules bacteria produce to cause infection

49
Q

C DIFF what toxins are cdiff virulence factors `

A
  1. toxin A

2. toxin B

50
Q

C DIFF what kind of toxins are toxin A and toxin B

A

exotoxins

51
Q

C DIFF what is mech of exotoxins

A
  1. cause intestinal epithelium to leak

2. cause diarrhea

52
Q

C DIFF why is NAP 1 strain more disease causing

A
  1. more resistant to antibiotics
  2. more resistant to disinfectants
  3. more toxin
  4. faster sporulation
53
Q

C DIFF what is conventional c diff treatment

A

antibiotics

54
Q

C DIFF what are non conventional treatments

A
  1. probiotics

2. fecal transplants

55
Q

C DIFF what is idea behind non conventional

A

restore flora

MMI 133 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions