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MMI 133 > LEC 7 > Flashcards

LEC 7 Flashcards

1
Q

what are opportunistic pathogens

A

infect immunocomporomised

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2
Q

what are primary pathogens

A

infect everyone

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3
Q

what eukaryotic cells have cell wall

A
  1. plant cells

2. fungal cells

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4
Q

what makes up cell wall of fungal cells

A
  1. chitin

2. ergosterol

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5
Q

what is basic mech of anti-fungal drugs

A

inhibit ergosterol synthesis

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6
Q

what are 3 types of fungi

A
  1. moulds
  2. yeasts
  3. dimorphic
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7
Q

what are 2 forms of thermally dimorphic

A
  1. mold

2. yeast

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8
Q

MOLDS what is thallus

A

body of fungus

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9
Q

MOLDS what are hyphae

A

filaments

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10
Q

MOLDS what are 2 types of hyphae

A
  1. coenocytic

2. septate

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11
Q

MOLDS what are coenocytic hyphae

A

no separation bw cells in filaments

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12
Q

MOLDS what are septate hyphae

A

separation bw cells in filaments

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13
Q

YEAST what is shape of yeast

A

oval

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14
Q

YEAST how do yeast reproduce

A

budding

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15
Q

YEAST how do pseudo hyphae form

A

bud fails to detach

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16
Q

YEAST what do candida albicans use as means of invading tissue

A

pseudo hyphae

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17
Q

YEAST what is characteristic of sacchromyces

A
  1. yeast

2. non pathogenic

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18
Q

YEAST what are growth conditions of yeast

what are growth conditions of molds

A
  • yeast ==> anaerobic + aerobic

- molds => aerobic

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19
Q

DIMORPHIC when will dimorphic fungi grow as molds

A

low temps

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20
Q

DIMORPHIC when will dimorphic fungi grow as yeasts

A

body temps

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21
Q

DIMORPHIC how do dimorphic fungi cause infection

A

conidia in air

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22
Q

DIMORPHIC what form releases conidia in air

A

molds

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23
Q

DIMORPHIC what kind of fungi causes sporothrix

A

dimorphic

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24
Q

DIMORPHIC how does dimorphic fungi cause sporothrix

A

introduced into wound after trauma

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25
Q

DIMORPHIC what is lymphangitis

A

inflammation of walls of lymphatic vessels

26
Q

what are conidia important for

A
  1. repro

2. identification (under microscope)

27
Q

what is a fungal disease

A

mycosis

28
Q

what are fungal diseases

A

mycoses

29
Q

what are 3 types of mycoses

A
  1. superficial
  2. cutaneous
  3. systemic
30
Q

SUPERFICIAL where are fungi in superficial

A
  1. outer layer of skin

2. hair shaft

31
Q

CUTANEOUS where are fungi in cutaneous

A

deeper layer of skin

32
Q

CUTANEOUS what are 2 types of cutaneous mycoses

A
  1. athlete’s foot

2. ring worm

33
Q

CUTANEOUS what kind of fungi cause cutaneous mycoses

A

dermatophytes

34
Q

CUTANEOUS what are dermatophytes

A

use keratin as food source

35
Q

CUTANEOUS what is name of clinical diseases caused by dermatophytes

A

tinea

36
Q

SYSTEMIC where are systemic fungi

A

organs

37
Q

SYSTEMIC what kind of pathogens casue systemic mycoses

A
  1. opportunistic

2. primary

38
Q

what is antiseptic

A

disinfectant used on skin

39
Q

what is disinfectant

A

chemical used to kill many microorganisms

40
Q

what is aseptic

A

technique used to exclude micro organisms

41
Q

what is pasteurization

A

heat treatment

42
Q

what is sanitization

A

reducing num of micro organisms to lvl that meets public health standards

43
Q

what is sterilization

A

chemical that kills all microorganisms

44
Q

what is glutaraldehyde

A
  1. bactericidal chemical

2. sterilizing chemical

45
Q

what direction does air flow

A

pos pressure to neg pressure

46
Q

what is pos pressure room

A

air flows from inside to outside

47
Q

what kind of patient is put into pos pressure room

A

susceptible to infectious disease

48
Q

what is neg pressure room

A

air flows outside to inside

49
Q

what kind of patient is put into neg pressure room

A

causes infectious disease

50
Q

what are 2 means of sterilizing using heat

A
  1. hot air

2. autoclaving (moist heat)

51
Q

what means of sterilizing using heat needs to be tested

A

autoclaving

52
Q

how is autoclaving tested

A

spore test

53
Q

what does effective sterilization depend on

A

presence of organic material

54
Q

what are steps of spore test

A
  1. autoclave ampule containing nutrient media + endospores
  2. incubate sample
  3. look for growth
55
Q

what is indication of growth

A

colour change

56
Q

why is colour change indication of growth

A
  1. spores germinated
  2. bacteria grew
  3. bacteria metabolized
  4. bacteria produced basic / acidic compounds
57
Q

what 4 chemicals can sterilize

A
  1. halogens
  2. aldehydes
  3. ethylene oxide
  4. per-oxygen
58
Q

when can halogens sterilize

A
  1. exposure to proper concentration

2. exposure for sufficient amount of time

59
Q

what can alcohols not kill

A
  1. endospores

2. naked viruses

60
Q

what can halogens act as

A
  1. disinfectant

2. sterilizing chemical

MMI 133 (7 decks)

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