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MMI 133 > LEC 6 > Flashcards

LEC 6 Flashcards

1
Q

what are 3 types of parasites

A
  1. protozoa
  2. metazoa
  3. ectoparasites
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2
Q

what are protozoa

A

single celled eukaryotes

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3
Q

what are metazoa

A

multi celled eukaryotes

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4
Q

what is a cyst

A

protective layer around PM of protozoa

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5
Q

what is function of cyst

A

protect protozoa from inhospitable enviros

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6
Q

what is example of inhospitable enviro

A

water

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7
Q

why is water considered inhospitable

A
  • hypotonic
  • more particles inside cell
  • less particles outside cell
  • water moves into cell
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8
Q

how does cyst protect protozoa

A

prevent water from entering cell

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9
Q

what is trophozoite

A

growing from of protozoa

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10
Q

how does metronidazole work

A

prevents anaerobic CR

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11
Q

which protozoa have cyst forms that are resistant to chlorine

A
  1. entamoeba histolytica
  2. giardia lambia
  3. cryptosporidum parvum
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12
Q

what are 2 families of tryptosoma

A
  1. brucei

2. cruzi

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13
Q

what does tryptosoma brucei family include

A
  1. T brucei gambinese

2. T brucei rhodesinse

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14
Q

what are 4 types of plasmodium sp

A
  1. P falciparum
  2. P malarie
  3. P ovale
  4. P vivax
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15
Q

what is most dangerous plasmodium sp

A

P falciparum

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16
Q

why is P faciparum most dangerous plasmodium spe

A

affects RBCs of all ages

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17
Q

what are 3 symptoms of malaria

A
  1. fever
  2. chills
  3. organ death
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18
Q

how does organ death occur when you have malaria

A
  1. parasites make RBCs sticky
  2. RBCs collect
  3. RBCs block vessels
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19
Q

what is virulence factor for making RBCs sticky

A

PfEMP1

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20
Q

what are 3 severe consequences of malaria

A
  1. cerebral malaria
  2. anemia
  3. kidney failure
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21
Q

what is gametocyte

A

form of parasite ingested by mosquito

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22
Q

what is sporozoite

A

infectious form of plasmodium species

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23
Q

what are metazoa

A

worms

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24
Q

what are 3 major groups of worms

A
  1. nematodes
  2. trematodes
  3. cestodes / tapeworms
25
Q

what do nematodes contain

A

digestive system

26
Q

what are 2 categories of nematodes

A
  1. eggs are infectious stage / eggs cause infection

2. larvae infectious stage / larvae cause infection

27
Q

where does anisakis come from

A

fish

28
Q

what is elephantiasis

A

adult worms (blood nematodes) in lymph

29
Q

what is riverblindness

A

adult worms (blood nematodes) in subcutaneous tissue

30
Q

what are microfilaiae

A

offspring of adult blood nematodes

31
Q

what are cercariae

A

larvae form of schistosome

32
Q

what do eggs of schistosome cause

A

inflammation

33
Q

why do eggs of schistosome cause inflammation

A
  • adult worms hiding under protein coat ==> not exposed to WBC
  • eggs not hiding under protein coat ==> exposed to WBC
34
Q

what are 3 types of schistosome

A
  1. S hematobium
  2. S japonicum
  3. S mansoni
35
Q

what kind of parasite is S hematobium

A

bladder

36
Q

what kind of parasites are S japonicum and S mansoni

A

intestine

37
Q

what does S shematobium cause

A
  1. badder inflammation

2. bladder cancer

38
Q

what kind of schistosome can be found in Canada

A

duck

39
Q

what do duck schistosome cause

A

swimmer’s itch

40
Q

CESTODES where do tapeworms reside

A

intestines

41
Q

CESTODES what are tapeworms lacking

A

digestive system

42
Q

CESTODES what do tapeworms rely on for food

A

host

43
Q

CESTODES what are structural features of tapeworms

A
  1. scolex (head) containing hooks

2. proglottid (body) containing male and female repro organs

44
Q

CESTODES how do we get infected by cestodes

A

ingest uncooked meat

45
Q

CESTODES what 2 types of diseases can tapeworm cause

A
  1. intestinal / mild

2. deep tissue / serious

46
Q

CESTODES what tapeworms cause mild disease

A
  1. pork
  2. beef
  3. fish
  4. rodent
47
Q

CESTODES what tapeworms cause serious disease

A
  1. pork

2. dog

48
Q

CESTODES what is taenia saginata

A

beef tapeworm

49
Q

CESTODES what is lifecycle of taenia saginata

A
  1. beef as intermediate host

2. humans

50
Q

CESTODES what is taenia solium

A

pork tapeworm

51
Q

CESTODES what is lifecycle of pork tapeworm

A
  1. pork as intermediate host

2. humans

52
Q

CESTODES what are 2 modes of pork tapeworm infection

A
  1. egg

2. larvae

53
Q

CESTODES what happens when we ingest egg

A

larvae encysts in brain

54
Q

CESTODES what happens when we ingest larvae

A

larvae grow in intestine

55
Q

CESTODES what kind of host are humans to dog tapeworms

A

dead end

56
Q

ECTOPARASITES what are ectoparasites

A

parasite that live in skin

57
Q

ECTOPARASITES what are 3 ectoparasites

A
  1. scabies
  2. public lice
  3. head live
58
Q

ECTOPARASITES what is pathogencity of scabies

A
  1. burrow into skin

2. lay eggs in burrow

59
Q

ECTOPARASITES what is pathogenicity of lice

A
  1. bite skin
  2. suck blood
  3. lay eggs in hair shafts

MMI 133 (7 decks)

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