11/3: Pelvic Organs

Question 1

What are the common male and female organs?

Answer 1

Ureters, urinary bladder, and rectum

Question 2

What are the male-specific organs?

Answer 2

Ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands

Question 3

What are the female specific organs?

Answer 3

Uterus, ovaries, uterine tubes, cervix, and vagina

Question 4

What marks the transition from abdomen to pelvis?

Answer 4

Pelvic brim

Question 5

What is the floor of the pelvic cavity?

Answer 5

Pelvic diaphragm

Question 6

What lies inferior to the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 6

Perineum

Question 7

What is the fibromuscular cutaneous sac located between anus and penis?

Answer 7

Scrotum

Question 8

What is the site of sperm and testosterone production?

Answer 8

Testis

Question 9

What is the storage reservoir for sperm and site of sperm maturation?

Answer 9

Epididymis

Question 10

What is the collection of muscle fibers, vessels, nerves, and ducts that run to and from the testes?

Answer 10

Spermatic cord

Question 11

What functions in temperature control?

Answer 11

Cremaster muscle

Question 12

What is the cremaster muscle innervated by?

Answer 12

Genitofemoral nerve

Question 13

What produces the largest amount of semen by volume?

Answer 13

Seminal vesicles - 70%

Question 14

What do seminal fluid contain?

Answer 14

Alkaline Fluid
Prostaglandins
Clotting factors

Question 15

What do prostatic secretions include?

Answer 15

Proteolytic enzymes into semen which break down clotting factors in order to ejaculate (retinas fluid state)

Question 16

What does the bulbourethral gland secrete?

Answer 16

Mucous that functions in lubrication

Question 17

_________mL per ejaculation with________ spermatozoa per mL

Answer 17

3.5-3.5mL; 100mill

Question 18

What do secretions come from?

Answer 18

Seminal vesicles (60-70%)
Prostate (20%)
Bulbourethral glands
Glands in urethral wall

Question 19

Describe the effect that a vasectomy has on ejaculate

Answer 19

Minor effect

Question 20

What is the widest part of ductus deferens, closest to seminal vesicles?

Answer 20

Ampulla

Question 21

Where do the vas deferens and seminal vesicles meet in the prostate gland to open into prostatic urethra?

Answer 21

Ejaculatory duct

Question 22

What is the source of mature ova and prepares uterus for implantation?

Answer 22

Ovary

Question 23

What connects the ovary to the uterus?

Answer 23

Uterine tube

Question 24

What are the finger-like projections in the uterine tube?

Answer 24

Fimbria

Question 25

What is the function of fimbria?

Answer 25

Projections pick up/catch ovulated oocyte and 4 segments leading to the uterus with cilia to beat and push fertilized oocyte to uterine cavity

Question 26

Where does fertilization occur?

Answer 26

In the infundibulum area (J part of the uterine tube)

Question 27

What lies between bladder and rectum?

Answer 27

Uterus

Question 28

What makes up the uterus?

Answer 28

Fundus, body, narrowing isthmus, and cervic

Question 29

In the pelvic line of the male, visceral pain gets carried by?

Answer 29

Sympathetics

Question 30

What is the innervation above the inferior peritoneum (above the pelvic pain line)?

Answer 30

Pain impulses follow sympathetics back via symp. splanchnic nerves

Question 31

What is the innervation below the inferior peritoneum (below the pelvis pain line)?

Answer 31

Pain impulses follow parasympathetics back via pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4

Question 32

All visceral afferents other than pain run what pathways?

Answer 32

Parasympathetics

Question 33

In males, the prostate and seminal vesicles are where in comparison to the pelvic pain line?

Answer 33

Below

Question 34

Where is there potential for infectious material to collect in a female?

Answer 34

Rectouterine pouch

Question 35

What is is a fold of peritoneum over the uterus and the bladder, forming a pelvic recess?

Answer 35

Vesicouterine pouch

Question 36

Where can we sample suspicious fluid found in a female via imaging?

Answer 36

Rectouterine pouch via a procedure called culdocentisis - needle up through vagina and piercing wall to get to rectouterine pouch (guided radioogically)

Question 37

What is the uterus covered with?

Answer 37

Visceral peritoneum

Question 38

What is the broad ligament of the uterus made of?

Answer 38

Peritoneum and has three parts

Question 39

What suspends the ovary?

Answer 39

Mesovarium

Question 40

What is the largest ligament in the female, from side of uterus to lateral wall of pelvis?

Answer 40

Mesometrium

Question 41

What wraps around uterine tube and helps uterine tube move to get fibrae over ovary?

Answer 41

Mesosalpinx

Question 42

Where do ovarian vessels run?

Answer 42

In the suspensory ligament of the ovary (s.l.o)

Question 43

What ligament connects ovaries to uterine?

Answer 43

Ovarian ligament

Question 44

What is the function of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 44

Supplies arterial blood to the pelvis and perineum

Question 45

What are two important points of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 45

1. Branching is extremely variable 2. Anastamoses between its branches (and across midline) are extensive

Question 46

What is the blood supply of the uterus?

Answer 46

Uterine artery (branch of internal iliac) and ovarian artery (branch of aorta)

Question 47

What are somatic motor supplied by in the rectum and anus?

Answer 47

Pudendal nerve; S2-4

Question 48

What do somatic motor of the rectum and anus do?

Answer 48

Contract external anal sphincters

Question 49

What are external anal sphincters made of?

Answer 49

Skeletal muscle (voluntary)

Question 50

What are parasympathetics supplied by in the rectum and anus?

Answer 50

Pelvic splanchnic nn; S2-4

Question 51

What do parasympathetics of the rectum and anus do?

Answer 51

Increase peristalsis of rectum and relax internal anal sphincters

Question 52

What are internal anal sphincters made of?

Answer 52

Smooth muscle (involuntary)

Question 53

What are sympathetics supplied by in the rectum and anus?

Answer 53

L1-2 do the opposite