11/4 Voice Lecture 3 Flashcards
(36 cards)
What are extrinsic muscles?
paired muscles; referred to as the strap muscles of the neck
What is the function of extrinsic muscles?
- Stabilizes the laryngeal neck posture
- Raises and lowers the larynx
What are the functions of the intrinsic muscles?
- These muscles control pitch and loudness as well as quality of voice
- Have a lot of influence on the folds themselves (stretch and thing them; effects quality of voice.)
Extrinsic muscles are divided into two groups, what are the two groups called?
- Suprahyoids
2. Infrahyoids
What is the function of the suprahyoids?
- Laryngreal elevators (come from above)
What is the function of the infrahyoids?
- Laryngeal depressors (come to hyoid from below)
What are the 4 suprahyoud muscles?
- Digastric
- Mylohyoid
- Stylohyoid
- Geniohyoid
What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles?
- Sternohyoid
- Omohyoid
- Thyrohyoid
- Sternothyroid
T/F: There is an anterior and posterior part to the digastric muscle?
true
Where does the anterior portion of the digastric muscle originate?
- from the interior aspect of the mandible and inserts to a tendon in the hyoid bone
- Pulls the hyoid forward and raises it
Where does the posterior portion of the digastric muscle originate?
- from the mastoid process
- pulls hyoid bone backward and raises it
What is the mylohyoid muscles?
SUPRAHYOID MUSCLE
- this muscle forms the floor of the mouth.
Where do the fibers of the mylohyoid originate?
Fibers originate from medial aspect of the mandible at the symphysis near the last molar
- raises the hyoid bone and pulls it forward
T/F: The stylohyoid is a long muscle?
true
Where does the stylohyoid originate?
SUPRAHYOID MUSCLE
- At the styloid process of the temporal bone
- raises hyoid bone and pulls it backward; elevates and retracts the hyoid and the larynx
Where does the geniohyoid originate?
SUPRATHYOID MUSCLE
- from the medial aspect of the mandible at the interior medial aspect (chin)
- raises the hyoid bone and pulls it forward
What is the sternohyoid?
INFRATHYROID MUSCLE
- Strap muscle and lies on the anterior surface of the neck
- On contraction lowers the hyoid bone
What is the omohyoid?
INFRATHYROID MUSCLE
- Narrow, long muscle; located on the anterolateral surface of the neck
- On contraction it pulls the hyoid inferior (lower)
Where is the thyrohyoid located?
INFRATHYROID MUSCLE
- in the anterior neck deep
- on contraction raises larynx and decreases distance between thyroid and hyoid
Where is the sternothyroid located?
INFRATHYROID MUSCLE
- In the anterolateral aspect of the neck
- On contraction it depressed the thyroid cartilage
Describe the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?
- paired muscles; both origin and insertion are inside larynx; control pitch, loudness and quality of voice
- shape glottis (space where the VF’s are); act as tensors to elongate and tighten vocal folds; act as relaxers to shorten the vocal folds and oppose tensors
- controls vibratory nature of vocal folds
- abducts (opens) the vocal folds; separates the arytenoids and vocal folds for respiration
- adducts (closes) the vocal folds; bring the artyenoids together to protect the airway and for phonation; control medial compression, the degree of force in bringing vocal folds together
What are the 5 intrinsic muscles of the larynx?
- Thyroarytenoid muscle
- Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
- Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
- Interarytenoid muscle
- Circothyroid muscle
What is the Thyroarytenoid muscle?
- muscle of the vocal fold; adductor (closes); tensor; and relaxer; fan shaped
- lowers, shortens, thickens, stiffens body of vocal fold
- two parts: thyromuscularis and thyrovocalis
What is the name of the muscle that is the ONLY abductor of the larynx?
- Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
