1.1 definitions Flashcards
memorize
Isotopes
atoms of the
same element that
have different numbers
of neutrons
radioisotopes
an
unstable isotope that
decays over time by
emitting radiation
molecule
a substance
composed of two or
more non-metal atoms
that are covalently
bonded together
organic molecule
a
carbon-containing
molecule in which
carbon atoms are
nearly always bonded
to each other and to
hydrogen
intramolecular
the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule
intermolecular
occurring between
atoms of different
molecules
hydrogen bond
a
weak association
between an atom with
partial negative charge
and a hydrogen atom
with partial positive
charge
hydrophobic
referring
to non-polar molecules
that do not have
attractive interactions
with water molecules
hydrophilic
referring
to polar molecules
that have attractive
interactions with water
molecules
ion
an atom or group
of atoms that has
gained or lost one or
more electrons, giving
it a positive or negative
charge
functional group
an
atom or group of atoms
attached to a molecule
that gives the molecule
particular chemical and
physical properties
molecular formula
shows the number of each type of atom in an element or compound.
Examples of molecular formulas include H2O, C3H7NO2, and C6H12O6. Molecular
formulas are useful because they show the number and type of atoms in a molecule.
Structural formulas
show how the di#erent atoms of a molecule are bonded together. When representing molecules using a structural formula, a line is drawn between atoms
to indicate a covalent bond. Structural formulas are two-dimensional representations of molecules and the
bonds between molecules.
space felling models
molecules represented
using three-dimensional models
