1.1 - Introduction to biological molecules

Question 1

Example of a condensation reaction?

Answer 1

Formation of a polypeptide from amino acids and that of starch from glucose are condensation reactions

Question 2

what happens in condensation reactions?

Answer 2

a new sub-unit is attached and a molecule of water is formed

Question 3

What is the basic sub-unit of a polysaccharide?

Answer 3

Monosaccharide or a single sugar such as glucose

Question 4

Natural Polymers

Answer 4

Polysaccharides

Polypeptides

Polynucleotides

Question 5

Industrial examples of polymers

Answer 5

Polythene and polyesters

Question 6

Polymer definition

Answer 6

Long chains of monomers which link together to form a polymer

Question 7

Different types of bonding and explain each type

Answer 7

covalent - share a pair of electrons in their outer shells

ionic - ions with opposite charges that attract one another (electrostatic attraction which is weaker than covalent)

hydrogen - electrons within a molecule which isn’t evenly distributed but tend to spend time more in one position and this is more negatively charged than the rest of the molecule (becomes polarised) - a weak electrostatic force is formed with a positive charge elsewhere