1.1 Primatology

Question 1

What is the difference between homology and anology?

Answer 1

Homology is similar structures/behaviours between animals with a common ancestor.
Anology is similar structures/behaviours between animals with no common ancestor.

Question 2

What is an example of anology?

Answer 2

Wings in bats and buterflyes.

Question 3

What are some characteristics of primates?

Answer 3

• warm blooded
• live birth
• mammary glands

Question 4

What are the 5 main primate traits?

Answer 4

• hands and feet
• dentition and diet
• locomotion
• visual system
• brain size

Question 5

What are the characteristics of primate hands and feet?

Answer 5

• pentadactylyl or 5 digits
• opposable thumb
• nails not claws
• tactile sensory pads

Question 6

What is the dental formulae for ancestral mammals, primitive primates and later primates?

Answer 6

• 3.1.4.3
• 2.1.3.3
• 2.1.2.3

Question 7

What is an example of a suspensory primate?

Answer 7

• gibbons

- orangutans

Question 8

What are the characteristics of frugivores?

Answer 8

• larger incisors
• broad rounded molars
• intermediate digestive tract compared to incestivites and folivores. digestive tract size and complexity of stomach, small intestines and colon is intermediate
• intermediate body size
• low protein intake so supplement with leaves.incests

Question 9

what are the charcterstics of the visual system of primates?

Answer 9

• reduced olfactory
• enhanced visual –> reduction in snout
• forward facing eyes

Question 10

how are visual cues processed in the brain?

Answer 10

• 2d images from both eyes are processed by visual cortex
• visual overlap allows steroscopic (3d) vision
• allows greater depth perception

Question 11

Explain some features of primate brain size?

Answer 11

• large brain for body size
• increased brain complexity
• brain size increases with body size

Question 12

explain some of the features of infant care?

Answer 12

• Helpless at birth
• Social learning
• Dependant on mothers but have grasping hands to cling to mothers

Question 13

What are some characteristics of invesectivores?

Answer 13

• Sharp, pointed molars
• Simple digestive tracts - small and simple stomach and colon, long small intestine
• High protein, low fat
• Usually small bodied

Question 14

What are some characteristics of folivores?

Answer 14

• smaller incisors
• broad molars with high cusps and shearing crests
• compex digestive tract - large, long intestines, specialised gut bacteria for breaking down cellulose
• larger body size and less active during the day