Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Computer Science_DEST > 1.1 Processors extra > Flashcards

1.1 Processors extra Flashcards

1
Q

Where does control bus transmit control signals between

A

Control unit and other parts of the processor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Explain the need for the PC

A

stores address of next instruction, value sent to MAR and then PC increments to next value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is there such thing as an interrupt register

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does all data to be saved use?

A

The accumulator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the CIR do with the address and data

A

Sends data to MDR and address to MAR where they act as a buffer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Role of control unit

A

Decodes instructions and sends signals to coordinate movement of data through the processor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is address bus used

A

Transfers memory location to allow the data to be accessed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does fast clock speed improve performance

A

Allows for more FDE cycles per second therefore more instructions can be executed per second therefore the program takes less time to run

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does large cache size improve performance

A

More space for data/instructions in cache therefore RAM accessed less and cache is quicker to access than RAM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How would updating an OS increase performance

A

OS release updates which improve performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What affect would a lighter weight OS have on performance

A

Use fewer resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why would defragging disk improve performance

A

As data would be stored contiguously and would be quicker to access as physical head would be able to read the data in one location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Malware and spyware on performance

A

Decreases performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

More RAM on performance

A

Less need for slower virtual memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why would GPU speed up rendering?

A

As GPU has specialist instructions and can apply same instructions and can apply same instructions to multiple pieces of data at same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Remember to talk about what on an LOR suggesting something

A

Cost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe one issue BRP causes for a CPU using pipelining

A

BRP could be followed by 2 instructions which will only be determined at execution so wrong one may be fetched/decoding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Explain another advantage other than cost of RISC compared with CISC

A

Programs run faster due to simpler instructions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is CISC more expensive?

A

Integrated circuit(expensive)
complex processor(expensive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is more available with CISC?

A

Many addressing modes and instructions are available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is limited RISC?

A

Number of instructions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How are complex tasks completed with RISC

A

Multiple instructions are combined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Another example of RISC

A

Programs run faster due to simpler instructions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Explain the effect of using a co-processor for complex calculations for scientific research

A

Calculations done by maths co-processor so processing is faster when using floating point arithmetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Explain the effect of using a co-processor for an advertising campaign
No increase in speed as no calculations
26
Three other features of von neuman
One control unit One instruction at a time Program and data stored together?
27
What is one of the main differences between RISC and CISC
RISC uses fixed number of bytes whereas CISC uses variable number of bytes
28
What happens in execute phase
Opcode carried out on operand
29
What is RAM apart of
Primary memory
30
Why is a GPU more suited for 3D rendering than a CPU
CPU's are general purpose whereas GPU's are designed for graphics so will have built in instructions for common graphics operations
31
How does multiple cores speed up processed
Speed up smaller problems but will not be enough for larger problems
32
When are GPU's useful
On highly parallelisable problems but only where the same instruction is being applied to multiple pieces of data
33
What is it called when the same instruction is being applied to multiple pieces of data
SIMD
34
How can multiple computers work together
Distribute workload across computers
35
Why is increasing clock speed limited
Limited to smaller problems, most problems are only partially parallelisable
36
Use for hard drive
To store files and software
37
Use of removable hard drive
To store archive of files
38
Use of CDROM/DVDROM reader
For the importation of software
39
Use of Memory stick/SSD
To allow transport of materials between office and home
40
Use of optical disk
To store back-up of files/software
41
Use of cloud storage
To make files available to others in the dept, from anywhere on any device whilst also providing a backup
42
Do SSD's have a lower or higher power consumption that hard drives
Lower due to no moving parts
43
Hard drives and sound
Can be noisy due to fast moving parts which can be undesirable
44
SSD and sound
Silent
45
Advantages of ROM
Quick to start up so the system can be started up quickly and ROM cannot be altered so no chance of OS being maliciously changed on what is a safety critical system
46
State one item that needs to be stored in RAM and give a reason why RAM is used
User files/software as user must be able to alter contents of file. RAM offers direct access and operates at faster speeds than secondary devices
47
What can damage hard drive when movement occurs
Head coming into contact with platter
48
Which takes up more physical space, hard drive or flash memory
Hard drive due to moving parts where as flash has no moving parts
49
What is the stored program concept
A program must be resident in main memory to be executed and the the instructions are fetched from memory one at a time
50
Other examples of where Harvard architecture is used (sound/speech)
audio and speech signal processing
51
Example of how in Harvard architecture, memories can have different characteristics
In embedded systems, instructions held in read only memory whereas data requires read write memory
52
Example of how in Harvard architecture, memories can have different sizes
Some systems have more instruction memory than data memory so larger word size used for instructions therefore instruction address bus will be wider
53
Where is Von Neumann architectures used
Conventional processors in PCs and servers
54
What type of embedded systems is Von Neumann used in
Embedded systems with only control functions
55
Where is Harvard architecture used
Digital signal processing, mobile communication and embedded systems
56
What is the processor hardware capable of doing in CISC
Understanding and executing the series of sub-tasks that make up a single instruction
57
What is the distinguishing feature of a CISC instruction
Combines a load/store instruction with the instruction that carries out the actual calculation
58
Advantage of CISC in relation to the compiler
Compiler has little work to do to translate into machine code because the code is short therefore little RAM required too
59
Disadvantage of CISC in link to specialised instructions
Many had to be built into the hardware even though only about 20% of them were used in the average program
60
What is a co-processor used for
Floating point arithmetic, graphics processing
61
What is the improvement in performance gained using a multi core processer dependant on
The software being able to take advantage of parallel processing capabilities
62
Jump instruction
used to alter the normal sequence of program execution by unconditionally transferring control to a specific memory address
63
What is threading
Threading is usually referred to having multiple processes working at the same time on a single CPU (well actually not you think they do but they switch very fast between them)
64
What is parellelism
Parallelism is having multiple processes working at the same time on multiple CPU's.
65
What are pages
is a fixed-length contiguous block of virtual memory, described by a single entry in a page table
66
What does the line MULT A, B do in LMC?
Multiplies A and B and stores the result back into A.
67
How is a CISC instruction stored?
A CISC instruction combines a “load/store” instruction with the instruction that carries out the actual calculation
68
CISC and complexity of processor circuit
More - circuitry only has to deal with complex instructions
69
CISC number of clock cycles per instructions?
One instruction takes multiple cycles.
70
RISC number of clock cycles per instructions?
One instruction takes one cycle (ideally) so pipelining is possible
71
CISC Complexity of CPU instructions?
More complex instructions like multiply lots of instructions don't get used.
72
RISC Complexity of CPU instructions?
Simple instructions like load, store instructions are often used.
73
RISC and complexity of processor circuit
Less - circuitry only has to deal with simple instructions
74
Power consumption (relative to each other) CISC
Higher due to complex circuitry and high clock speeds
75
Power consumption RISC
Lower due to simpler circuitry and lower clock speeds
76
Cost (relative to each other) CISC
More (complex circuitry is more expensive to design and make)
77
CISC complexity of source code for equivalent programs?
Less complex (code for a factorial function will be much simpler in Java than LMC)
78
Number of addressing modes (relative to each other) CISC
More
79
Number of addressing modes (relative to each other) RISC
Fewer
80
Uses of CISC
Laptops. desktops
81
Mobile phones
Smartphones tablets
82
RISC complexity of source code for equivalent programs?
More complex (code for a factorial function will be much simpler in Java than LMC)
83
CISC size of code for equivalent programs?
Smaller (think how much shorter a factorial program would be in Java v LMC)
84
RISC size of code for equivalent programs?
Larger (think how much longer a factorial program would be in assembly v LMC)
85
CISC RAM required when loading equivalent programs?
Less (program will be shorter therefore need less RAM)
86
RISC RAM required when loading equivalent programs?
More (program will be longer therefore need more RAM)

Computer Science_DEST (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions