1.1 Properties of Materials Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is matter?
Matter is the stuff that everything in the universe is made up from. It is anything that has mass and takes up space.
What is malleability?
How bendy a certain material is
What is lustre?
The shine that a material has
What is flammability?
How easily a certain material burns.
What is density?
How much matter occupies a given space
What is a physical property?
A property that can be measured or observed without changing the chemical identity of the sample
What is a chemical property?
A property that can be observed or measured by changing the chemical identity of the sample
What is thermal conductivity?
Thermal conductivity is a physical property that measures the rate at which heat is transferred through a material.
What is thermal conductor?
A metal that can conduct heat quickly.
What is a thermal insulator?
A material that takes a long time to conduct heat.
What is electrical conductivity?
A physical property that measures the rate at which electricity can flow through a material.
What types of materials are good electrical conductors?
Materials with free moving charged particles
What types of materials are good heat conductors?
Materials with free moving electrons, as they move quicker due to heat energy being transferred into kinetic energy. The energy spreads quicker as the electrons are delocalised and can move around.
What is an electrical conductor?
A material that lets electricity flow through it quickly
What is an electrical insulator?
A material where electricity flows through it slowly, or not at all.
What is a super conductor?
A material where an electrical current flows through it without heat being generated.
What is a melting point?
Physical property - the temperature where a solid turns into a liquid.
How does melting work?
When a heat is applied to a solid, the heat is transferred into kinetic energy which makes the particles move slightly. When they are moving to much, the strong forces between the particles brake, causing the soldi to turn into a liquid.
What is the boiling point?
A physical property - The temperature where a liquid turns into a gas
What is a solute?
The smaller volume of material, normally a solid, that is dissolved in in a larger volume of a different material
What is a solvent?
The larger volume of material, normally a liquid, where a different material is dissolved in it.
What are some factors that effect solubility?
Temperature, forces bewteen molecules, pressure, crystallisation, precipitation
What is a nanomaterial?
A substance where one side is between 1 and 100 nanometers
