Lesion Localization

Question 1

the 4 significant divisions of the CNS/PNS

Answer 1

supratentorial zone
infratentorial zone
spine cord cone
peripheral zone

Question 2

supratentorial zone

Answer 2

above the tentorial membrane, within cranial vault

CD1 and CN2

Question 3

Infratentorial (posterior fossa)

Answer 3

below tentorial membrane but above foramen magnum

brainstem (pons, midbrain, medulla), cerebellum, CN 3 to 12 to their cranial exits

Question 4

Spinal cord zone

Answer 4

foramen magnum, within spinal canal to IVF, to coccyx

Question 5

Peripheral zone of CNS/PNS

Answer 5

cranial nerves distal to skull (like vagus), segmental nerves from IVF
and the ANS

Question 6

bell’s palsy presents at

Answer 6

entire face droopiness seen in CN VII

if its just inferior half of face, its supranuclear lesion

Question 7

Myeolapthy at c5-c6 means what in terms of signs? (Classic board question)

Answer 7

lower motor neuron lesions at that level

upper motor neuron lesions below this level

Question 8

what type of condition is Cauda Equina?

Answer 8

lateral recess syndrome

Question 9

What do Dorsal column fibers do?

Answer 9

sensation, vibration, proprioception

lateral is upper body
medial is lower body

Question 10

function of lateral spinothalamic tract

Answer 10

pain and temperature

Question 11

when will light touch be affected?

Answer 11

when damage to both dorsal column and lateral spino thalamic tract

Question 12

superficial portion of spinothalamic tract is for?

Answer 12

pain and temp of lower body

Question 13

deep portion of spinothalamic tract is for?

Answer 13

pain and temp of upper body

Question 14

function of lateral cortical spinal tract

Answer 14

contralateral voluntary movement

Question 15

superficial lateral cortical spinal tract controls?

Answer 15

contralateral voluntary movement of lower limbs

Question 16

deep fibres of lateral cortical spinal tract controls?

Answer 16

contralteral voluntary control of upper limb movement

Question 17

Damage to corticospinal tract (UML) causes?

Answer 17

spastic weakness
increases deep tendon reflexes
up going plantar reflex

Question 18

Damage to anterior horn cells of corticospinal tract (LMN damage)

Answer 18

ipsilateral clinical findings
flaccid weakness
muscle wasting
decreases tendon reflexes
fasciculations

Question 19

What is dissociated sensory loss

Answer 19

pattern of neurological damage caused by a lesion to a single tract in spinal cord or brainstem

(e.g dorsal column disease)

Question 20

analgesia def

Answer 20

absence of pain sensationabsence of pain sensation

Question 21

anesthesia def

Answer 21

absence of sensation to touch

Question 22

hypoesthesia (hypesthesia)

Answer 22

diminished sensitivity to touch

Question 23

Hypoalgesia (hypalgesia) def

Answer 23

diminished pain sensation

Question 24

Hyperestehsia def

Answer 24

increases sensation to touch

Question 25

dysesthesia

Answer 25

bizarre sensation or sensations elicited by a stimulu

Question 26

Paraesthesia def

Answer 26

Spontaneous abnormal sensations such as pins and needles