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cd 3303 > VBI, Cervical > Flashcards

VBI, Cervical Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebral artery segment - at V1

A

prevertebral

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2
Q

Vertebral artery segment - V2

A

Vertebral (c2-6)

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3
Q

Vertebral artery segment - V3

A

atlantal segment (most mobile, concerns about dissection)

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4
Q

Vertebral artery segment - V4

A

intracranial (concerns about atherosclerotic plaques)

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5
Q

PICA supplies:

A

cerebellum and posterior cortex

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6
Q

blood flow to PICA is blocked, what happens?

A

signs and symptoms of 5D and 3N

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7
Q

5D and 3 N

A
  • dizziness
  • dysphagia
  • drop attacks
  • dysarthria
  • diplopia
  • nausea
  • numbness
  • nystagmun
  • ataxia
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8
Q

what are most frequently associated with atherosclerosis

A

hypertension and myocardial infarction

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9
Q

what part of the vertebral artery segment is most frequently the area of arteriosclerosis

A

V4 - intracranial portion

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10
Q

arterial dissection, is a tear and elevation of what?

A

tunica intima from arterial wall, results in luminal stenosis

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11
Q

arterial dissection, most commonly occur in what part of the vertebral artery segment?

A

V3 - atlanto segment (most mobile)

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12
Q

vertebral artery dissection, more common in male or females

A

64% females

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13
Q

vertebral artery dissection S&S immediately after SMT in ____% of individuals

A

69

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14
Q

proposed mechanism of vertebral artery dissection

A

mechanical stretch on the vertebral artery caused by sudden neck movement while playing golf during a golf swing

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15
Q

spontaneous Anterior Circulation Arterial Disease (ACAD) is most likely in where- children

A

V4 - intracranial

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16
Q

post-traumatic anterior circulation arterial disease (ACAD) is most likely in where - children

A

V3 - atlanto - extracranial

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17
Q

Wallenberg’s syndrome

A
  • lateral medullar infarct supplied by PICA
  • ipsilateral cerebellar ataxia, nystagmus, facial analgesia, Horner’s syndrome, dysphagia and dysphonia
  • contralateral limb and trunk analgesia
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18
Q

common site of injury to vertebral artery with rotation/stretching

A

between C1-C2

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19
Q

common site of injury that compresses Internal Carotid artery

A

C1 TVP

20
Q

common site of injury to vertebral artery by compression

A

C2-C3

21
Q

common site of injury to vertebral artery causing osteoarthritis

A

C5-C6 or C4-C5

22
Q

common site of injury to vertebral artery by rotation

A

C2

23
Q

common site of injury to vertebral artery by muscular compression

A

C1-C2

24
Q

right nystagmus, left/right side lesion

A

left-sided lesion

25
Q

3 types of skew deviation

A
  • type 1 - upward deviation of both eyes
  • type 2 - hypertropia in one eye (strabismus) -> brainstem, opthalmoplegia
  • type 3 - simultaneous hypertropia in one eye and hypotropia in the other eye -> upper brainstem lesion
26
Q

3 HINTS tests

A
  • horizontal head impulse
  • nystagmus
  • skew deviation
27
Q

____ HINTS test present is dx for Vestibular Neuronitis

A

3

28
Q

___ HINTS test present could indicate Stroke

A

1

29
Q

T/F anyone with neurological involvement should obtain imaging

A

T

30
Q

MC level of cervical herniations is:

A

C6/7

31
Q

MC level of degeneration in cervical spine

A

C5/C6

32
Q

Cannon’s law of denervation

A

motor point becomes hypersensitive after period of partial denervation (may be why there are trigger points)

33
Q

what root is compressed causing occipital, eye pain

A

C2

34
Q

what root is compressed causing neck, trapezius pain?

A

C3, C4

35
Q

what root is compressed causing shoulder , lateral UE pain?

A

C5

36
Q

what root is compressed causing lateral forearm, digits 1&2 pain?C6

A

C6

37
Q

what root is compressed causing posterior arm, 3rd digit pain?C7

A

C7

38
Q

what root is compressed causing medial forearm, 4&5th digit pain?

A

C8

39
Q

for every inch of forward posture = increase in weight on _______ by ________ lbs

A

spine, 10

40
Q

brachial neuralgia

A

severe non-radicular, non-peripheral nerve pattern of upper limb pain

41
Q

5 spinal cord patterns

A
  • transverse cord
  • hemicord lesion
  • central cord syndrome
  • posterior cord syndrome
  • anterior cord syndrome
42
Q

botox injection for spasmotic torticollis, how many patients improved?

A

50 out of 60 (83%)

43
Q

Root and Plexus Traction Palsy (burner and stinger)

A

sudden electrical jolt, burning pain or paresthesia into arm due to extreme lateral flexion of the neck; temporary neuropraxia

44
Q

neck tongue syndrome-

A
  • occurence of occipital pain and numbness with ipsilateral paresthesia of the tongue
  • afferent lingual nerve -> hypoglossal nerve -> C2 nerve root
  • caused by compression of C2 root between C1/C2, on rotation to one side (not both)
45
Q

cervical sympathetic syndrome

A
  • aka Barre-Lieou Syndrome
  • irritation of the cervical sympathetic ganglia/fibers within the carotid or vertebral artery by disease or trauma
  • suboccipital headache, vertigo and tinnutus, fatigue, temperature changes, bradycardia

cd 3303 (24 decks)

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