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cd 3303 > Sleep disorders + Transient LOC > Flashcards

Sleep disorders + Transient LOC Flashcards

1
Q

specific hormones increase during sleep?

A

growth hormone and melatonin

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2
Q

how many stages of sleep

A

stages 1-4 and REM

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3
Q

what stage does sleepwalking, bedwetting, or terrors occur?

A

stage 3

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4
Q

how much time do children stay in REM sleep?

A

up to 50%

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5
Q

sleep hygiene def

A

practices and habits that are significant to achieve nighttime sleep quality and full daytime alertness.

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6
Q

signs of poor sleep hygiene

A
  1. frequent slepe disturbances
  2. daytime sleepiness
  3. Too long to fall asleep
  4. Poor sleep routine
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7
Q

what sleep questionnaire could you use?

A

Epworth Sleep Scale (over 11 means go see a sleep specialist)

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8
Q

Sleep Deprivation Def

A

Not obtaining adequate total sleep.

Chronic sleep-restricted state they’ll notice excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, clumsiness, and weight gain or weight loss.

Sleep-deprived affects both the brain and cognitive function

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9
Q

common cause for headaches related to sleep?

A

Morning headaches (not sleeping fulfilled

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10
Q

Morning Headaches - What should you be nervous about?

A

High BP, sleep apnea

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11
Q

Definition of short sleeper syndrome

A

consistent under 7 hours of night

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12
Q

Types of Narcolepsy

A
  1. Narcolepsy with Cataplexy

2. Narcolepsy without Cataplexy

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13
Q

Circadian rhythm disorders

A
  1. Jet Lag
  2. Sleep Shift Disorder
  3. Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome
  4. Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder
  5. Non-24 Sleep-Wake Disorder
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14
Q

Symptoms of Circadian Rhythm sleep disorders

A 
problems falling asleep
daytime sleepiness
headaches
difficulty concentrating
decreased cognitive performance
fatigue
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15
Q

confounders with delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS)

A

50% also have depresison

sleeping compensation at other times

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16
Q

Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome

A

Circadian rhythm disorders are caused by the body’s internal clock not resetting and adapting to changes in sleeping patterns, or doing so slowly.

17
Q

types of sleep apnea

A

obstruction (OSA)

Central (CSA) - 1:5 cases

18
Q

sleep apnea risks

A 
heart attack
high blood pressure
obesity
stroke
diabetes
driving or work related accident
19
Q

sleep apnea def

A
  • Repetitive pauses in breathing during sleep.
  • Frequency?…may occur several times per hour and last for over 10 seconds.
  • In pause -> blood-oxygen levels decrease -> the brain awakens the individual which often leads to a loud gasp or snort.
  • Sleep apnea is associated
20
Q

measuring sleep apnea?

A

Apnea-hypopnea Index (AHI)

21
Q

Effective treatments for Insomnia

A

1.Healthy sleep habits -> maintaining a regular sleep schedule; Creating a conducive sleep environment; Incorporating healthy habits into your lifestyle.

1.Behavioral therapy -> sleep program, restricting time in bed to only when sleepy, relaxation training, reducing anxiety and developing positive attitudes about sleep, etc.
●
1.Medications -> Hypnotic drugs
●
2.Wellness therapies -> Nutritional management for caloric control; melatonin, valerian and herbal products

22
Q

First thing to assess with a transient loss of consciousness

A

any cardiac history, then posture, then vaso-vagal, then seizure

23
Q

what happens in orthostatic hypotension

A

systolic BP drops over 20 mmHg after 1-5 mins standing

24
Q

vaso-vagal cause of transient loss of conscious - what to expect

A

under 35, prodrome of sweating and nausea

provoked by pain, fear, warm environment

(these are same data for Seizure)

25
Q

Syncope def

A

Faiont due to diminisehd CNS function (syncope is a symptom)

26
Q

what does syncope look like?

A

rapid onset (seconds) w/ loss of consciousness, ita loss of muscle tone (A GRACEFULL FALL)

recovery is usually quick and complete awareness gained in seconds to minutes

27
Q

Mechanism of syncope?

A

hypo-perfusion of brain resulting in transient global cerebral effect

28
Q

Orthostatic Hypotention def…

A

decrease in systolic bp of 20 mmHg OR a decrease in diastolic BP of 10 mm Hg

29
Q

when does orthostatic hypotension occur?

A

within three minutes of standing due to inadequate physiologic response to postural changes in blood pressure

30
Q

vasovagal syncope criteria

A

postural changes
prodrome of “graceful fall/greying out”
Precipitating factors –> anything that causes a fight/flight episode

31
Q

cardiovascular reflexes are mediated by?

A

autonomic based and important for establshing BP and controling vasovagal control of blood flow

32
Q

What is Elderly Dysautonomic Pattern?

A

a slow fall in blood pressure after assuming upright position

exacerbated by medication

some patients will have immediate postural hypotension that recovers within seconds

33
Q

who to suspect elderly dysautonomic pattern in?

A

older adults with low bp, history of syncope/falls

events after standing for a while

may describe postural hypotension symptoms

cd 3303 (24 decks)

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