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Phlebotomy Class 2022 > Ch 4 - Infection Control > Flashcards

Ch 4 - Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

an infection or growth of a microorganism in the body that causes disease

A

infection

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2
Q

when resident flora found all over the surface of the body cause an infection, they are referred to as ____ _____

A

opportunistic microorganisms

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3
Q

infectious organisms

A

pathogens

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4
Q

infectious agents found in the hospital are often ___ virulent and resistant to treatment than organisms found at large in the community

A

more

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5
Q

more virulent hospital pathogens are called

A

HAIs

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6
Q

HAIs

A

hospital acquired infections

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7
Q

HAIs are also called ______ infections

A

nonsocomial

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8
Q

BBP

A

blood-borne pathogens

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9
Q
  • percutaneous injury via needle puncture
  • contact of mucous membranes via splashes or touching
  • contact of nonintact skin via splashes or contact with contaminated gloves/hands
  • human bite
  • contact with equipment or lab instruments contaminated with body fluid
  • droplet transmission

These are all ways to get contact with ____ _____

A

blood-borne pathogens

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10
Q

the 3 primary elements of the chain of infection

A

reservoir, mode of transmission, and susceptible host

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11
Q

the two sources of infection

A

person, fomite

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12
Q

an object that is a source of infection

A

fomite

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13
Q

reservoir

A

source of infection

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14
Q

means by which the infectious agent leaves the host

A

method of escape

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15
Q

means by which the infectious agent enters the host, resulting in infection or colonization

A

method of entry

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16
Q 
contact
droplet
airborne
common vehicle
vector

These are the 5 means by which

A

infectious agents can spread

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17
Q

two types of contact transmission

A

direct, indirect

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18
Q

the most frequent and important transmission route for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)

A

contact transmission

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19
Q

transfer of organisms from an infected person directly to a susceptible host by physical contact

A

direct contact transmission

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20
Q

contact between a susceptible host and a fomite

A

indirect contact transmission

21
Q

particles are generated from the source by coughing, sneezing, or talking and transmitted

A

droplet transmission

22
Q

_____ transmission is usually for only a brief time and within a short distance (about 3 feet) from the source

A

droplet

23
Q

______ transmission involves droplet nuclei smaller than 5 μm or dust particles generated by sneezing, coughing, singing, or talking

A

airborne

24
Q

____ ____ can be transported long distances and cause disease when inhaled

A

droplet nuclei

25
Q

HEPA filter

A

high-efficiency particulate air

26
Q

special ventilation and high-efficiency particulate air filters are needed to prevent _____ transmission

A

airborne

27
Q

Which type of transmission involves a common source that can cause multiple cases of infection?

A

common vehicle transmission

28
Q

E. coli is an example of which type of transmission?

A

common vehicle transmission

29
Q

organisms that carry infectious agents but are not harmed by them

A

vector

30
Q

arthropods such as ticks, mosquitoes, and mites are examples of ____

A

vectors

31
Q

practice good hand hygiene
use PPE
isolating patients with infectious diseases
using Standard Precautions

These are ways to break the chain of infection between ___ and ___

A

source, host

32
Q

the most important means of preventing the spread of infection and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms

A

hand hygiene

33
Q

PPE

A

Personal Protective Equipment

34
Q

barriers and respirators used to protect skin, mucous membranes, and clothing from contact with infectious agents

A

personal protective equipment

35
Q

1) hand hygiene
2) gown
3) mask, respirator, goggles, or face shield
4) put on gloves

What are these the steps for?

A

putting on PPE

36
Q

1) gown and gloves
2) hand hygiene
3) goggles/face shield
4) mask or respirator

What steps are these for?

A

taking off PPE

37
Q

infection control measures that use barrier protection and work practice controls to prevent contact between skin or mucous membranes and blood, other bodily fluids, and tissues

A

Standard Precautions

38
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

39
Q

the regulatory enforcement agency for employee health and safety

A

OSHA

40
Q

OSHA’s ____ _____ standard is a regulation approved in 1992 to protect healthcare workers from infection

A

bloodborne pathogen

41
Q

____ ___ measures separate an infection source from susceptible hosts that can protect employees, visitors, and all patients

A

isolation control

42
Q

_____ isolation protects an immunocompromised patients

A

reverse

43
Q

____ __ isolation precautions are used for all patients in the hospital without regard for diagnosis or infection status

A

Tier 1

44
Q

___ __ isolation precautions are used for transmission-based precautions (TBP), which are used for patients known to be or suspected of being infected with a transmissible pathogen

A

Tier 2

45
Q

____ precautions used for patients known or suspected to have a disease transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei

A

airborne

46
Q

an example of a disease requiring airborne precautions

A

tuberculosis

47
Q

example of diseases requiring droplet precautions

A

meningitis, pneumonia

48
Q

hepatitis A, herpes, and MRSA are examples of diseases requiring ____ precautions

A

contact

Phlebotomy Class 2022 (11 decks)

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