Belzec, Majdanek, Treblinka and sobibor, chelmno lesson Flashcards
Sobibor how many killed and who? When was it built One of three camps to deal with what? What gas was used in gas chambers? what did germans do to prevent escape? how many surviors survived in sobibor
- Built march 1942
- aprox 250k killed (jews from poland and soviets)
- one of 3 camps constructed as part of operation Reinhard to deal with the Jewish problem
- Carbon monoxide used in gas chambers
- Germans put minefields outside the camp which made escape hard
- 50 survivors survived in this camp till the end of war
What was operation Reinhard
codename to exterminate Polish Jews in the General Government district of German-occupied Poland.
Belzec how many deaths what was it initially? When did Belzec first start gassing? what gas was used on individuals What happened to Jews that arrived what was the survival rate? Is this camp still standing?
at least 600k jews killed here
Initially a forced labor camp in 1940
First gassing happened in feb 1942 to test out gas chambers
carbon monoxide was used to gas individuals
-almost every Jew was gassed on arrival
-very few survived
-Nazis completely destroyed this camp and planted things to cover it up
how many were killed at majdanek?
Who was the first group deported at majdanek
what type of camp was majdanek
where is majdanek located?
What gas did they use at majdanek
what was one of the main methods in majdanek
what took place 1943 nov 3 at majdanek
80k killed here
The first group deported to Majdenek were the soviet prisoners of war
- was as death camp and a work camp
-located near lublin poland
- not destroyed
-Carbon monoxide and later Zyklon B used
-Shooting was one of main methods
Largest execution took place 1943 Nov 3 when 18k jews shot
Only death camp besides Auschwitz-Birkenau to not be destroyed
what is a death camp
and what is a concentration camp
a prison camp, especially one for political prisoners or prisoners of war, in which many die from poor conditions and treatment or from mass execution.
Concentration camp
camp in which group of people are detained or confined, usually under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest and imprisonment that are acceptable in a constitutional democracy.
what was treblinka 1 and 2 and their opening dates
Why was treblinka built?
how many people escaped and when
death toll?
Treblinka 1 (labor camp) opened in november 1941
Treblinka 2 (Death camp) in july 1942
Treblinka was built to exterminate all the jews of warsaw
Aug 2nd 1943 a little over 200 escaped
700-900k people were killed here.
Chelmno
how many killed between 1943-1944 in Chelmno
what did they use to kill jews in Chelmno
how many jews escape in Chelmno
when did Chelmno shut down
how many survivor in Chelmno
when did killings first begin?
First camp where gas was used to kill jews
152k- 340k killed between 1943-1944
Used gas vans
some people who were deported here were chosen to work
7 jews escaped
camp shut down in jan 17 1945
4 survivors
First camp where gas was used to kill jews
Killings first began on December 8th 1941 in chelmno
What can you learn from the first hand accounts about these camps
Sobibor testimony what did you learn?
Regina Ziclinski was the speaker and she talked bout
-Forests near sobibor
-Labor was used (knitting) to produce goods to be shipped off to germany
-if you weren’t doing a job you were instantly killed
Belzec
- Jews shot on arrival ex shooting inside transportations
- Quicklime on the floor of trains to burn people and kill them.
- People were killed brutally and women whipped and abused and were shaved before death with bayonets and other techniques
Majendek
People who had soap and towels = soon to go to gas chamber
People were burned alive
strong stench of bodies
Treblinka
- Women killed in barracks with bayonets
- women killed with dogs/abused and then put in gas chambers
- used Russian engines instead of gas in chambers to suffocate the people
- trail rails were used as crematoriums
What can you learn from the first hand accounts about these camps
Sobibor testimony what did you learn?
Regina Ziclinski was the speaker and she talked bout
-Forests near sobibor
-Labor was used (knitting) to produce goods to be shipped off to germany
-if you weren’t doing a job you were instantly killed
Belzec
- Jews shot on arrival ex shooting inside transportations
- Quicklime on the floor of trains to burn people and kill them.
- People were killed brutally and women whipped and abused and were shaved before death with bayonets and other techniques
Majendek
People who had soap and towels = soon to go to gas chamber
People were burned alive
strong stench of bodies
Treblinka
- Women killed in barracks with bayonets
- women killed with dogs/abused and then put in gas chambers
- used Russian engines instead of gas in chambers to suffocate the people
- trail rails were used as crematoriums
chelmno
first german site for mass extermination by gass
used gas van 80-100 people
overall
- Quicklime on the floor of trains to burn people and kill them.(Belzec)
- used Russian engines instead of gas in chambers to suffocate the people(treblinka)
- trail rails were used as crematoriums (treblinka)
- Women killed in barracks with bayonets
Main 3 camps for Operation Reinhard
Treblinka II Belzec Sobibor and others
