Chempath 16: Brief Lipids Update

Question 1

Which 3 drugs can help improve survival in patients with Coronary heart disease ?

Answer 1

Statins
Aspirin
Thiazide diuretics

Question 2

Why do patients with a gain of function mutation in PCSK9 have an increased risk of coronary heart disease ?

Answer 2

PCSK9 is a protein that causes reduction of LDL receptor expression in the liver. This causes increased levels of circulating LDL.

Question 3

Evolocumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets and inhibits the ……… protein to Increase expression of …….. receptors on the liver. This medications is very expensive and given to patients with familial ………….. or …….. intolerance

Answer 3

PCSK9
LDL
Hypercholesterolaemia
Statin

Question 4

What do SLGT2 inhibitors do ?

Answer 4

A novel treatment for Diabetes that blocks the SGLT2 transporter so that glucose isn’t reabsorbed by the kidneys and instead is urinated out.

Useful in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure

Question 5

How do gliptins work as a diabetes drug ?

Answer 5

They inhibit DPP4 which normal breaks down GLP1.
This causes increased half life of GLP1
GLP1 is produced by the gut in response to food ingestion, it functions to increase satiety.

Question 6

What is the preferred 1st line medical treatment of T2DM ?

Answer 6

Metformin