Neuromuscular System :)

Question 1

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 1

prepares the body for exercise and is often referred to as the fight or flight response

Question 2

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 2

relaxes the body and slows down high energy functions and if referred to as the rest and relax response

Question 3

contraction speed (func)

Answer 3

type 1: slow
type 2a: fast
type 2b fast

Question 4

motor neuron size (struc)

Answer 4

type 1: small
type 2a: large
type 2b: large

Question 5

motor neuron conduction capacity (func)

Answer 5

type 1: slow
type 2a: fast
type 2b: fast

Question 6

force produced (func)

Answer 6

type 1: low
type 2a: high
type 2b: high

Question 7

fatigability (func)

Answer 7

type 1: low
type 2a: medium
type 2b: high

Question 8

mitochondrial density (struc)

Answer 8

type 1: high
type 2a: medium
type 2b: low

Question 9

myoglobin content (struc)

Answer 9

type 1: high
type 2a: medium
type 2b: low

Question 10

capillary density (struc)

Answer 10

type 1: high
type 2a: medium
type 2b: low

Question 11

aerobic capacity (func)

Answer 11

type 1: very high
type 2a: medium
type 2b: low

Question 12

anaerobic capacity (func)

Answer 12

type 1: low
type 2a: medium
type 2b: very high

Question 13

atpase/glycolytic enzyme activity (func)

Answer 13

type 1: low
type 2a: medium
type 2b: very high

Question 14

motor unit

Answer 14

consists of a motor neuron and a group of muscle fibres

~only one type of muscle fibre is found in one motor unit~

motor neuron transmits the nerve impulse to muscle fibre

Question 15

all or none law

Answer 15

where a sequence of impulses has to be of sufficient intensity to stimulate all of the muscle fibres in the motor unit in order for them to contract. if not, none of them contract

Question 16

wave summation

Answer 16

repeated activation of motor neuron with no time to relax in between, causing a smooth sustained contraction to occur

Question 17

tetanic contraction

Answer 17

a sustained powerful muscle contraction caused by a series of fast repeating stimuli

Question 18

spatial summation

Answer 18

motor units within a muscle are activated at slightly different times meaning the muscle is able to sustain a continuous contraction over a period of time

additional, bigger motor units are recruited to develop more force

Question 19

pnf

Answer 19

1) passive stretch occurs with the help of a partner until tension is felt and detected by the muscle spindles
2) isometric stretch for at least 10 seconds by pushing against partner who provides resistance to hold the leg still
3) leg is passively stretched again and will go further than before

Question 20

muscle spindles

Answer 20

proprioceptors that lie between skeletal muscle fibres

provide info to cns about how fast and far a muscle is being stretched

cns sends impulse back telling muscle to contract triggering stretch reflex

Question 21

golgi tendons

Answer 21

found between muscle fibres and tendons

detect levels of tension in muscles

during isometric contraction in pnf - senses increase in tension and sends inhibitory signals to brain to allow antagonist muscle to relax and lengthen

Question 22

autogenic inhibition

Answer 22

sudden relaxation of the muscle in response to high tension

during isometric contraction in pnf - senses increase in tension and sends inhibitory signals to brain to allow antagonist muscle to relax and lengthen