Ethics in Sport :)

Question 1

amateurism

Answer 1

19th century code of sporting ethic

participation in sport for the love of it with no financial gain

based on concept of athleticism

Question 2

gentleman amateur

Answer 2

upper and middle class gentlemen who didn’t need money only status

• fair play and acceptance of decisions made
• better to loose honourably than win by cheating
• adhered to strict ethical code: sportsmanship featured heavily
• participation more important than winning
• training or having a coach considered cheating as not god given ability

Question 3

modern day amateurism

Answer 3

fair play/sportsmanship still encouraged today:

• shaking hands before or after games in netball and football
• olympics holding olympic ideals
• calling referee sir in rugby union
• clapping batsman in and out in cricket
• kicking the ball out for injured player
• fair play awards given out in football

Question 4

olympic oath - 1920

Answer 4

baron de coubertin - promise made by athlete as a representitive and judge on behalf of them all

they promise to respect and abide by the rules, commiting to the sport without doping or drugs, in the spirit of sportsmanship

Question 5

olympic oath - modern day

Answer 5

still relevant as large numbers watch fair play and sportsmanship

but…

doping is on the rise (ben johnson 100m race)
win-at-all costs mindset - professionals now allowed to compete

Question 6

sportsmanship

Answer 6

conforming to the unwritten rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport

involves fairness, self control and respect towards all others

Question 7

simulation

Answer 7

trying to decieve the official by over acting

e.g diving to win a free kick

Question 8

improving sportsmanship

Answer 8

• use of ngb campaigns promoting sportsmanship - FA respect
• giving awards to those demonstrating it
• providing positive role models
• introduce rules enforcing fairplay
• punish foul play with bans or fines
• drug testing

Question 9

gamesmanship

Answer 9

bending the rules and stretching them to their limit without getting caught - fine line between cheating

examples:

• delaying play by holding ball
• time wasting
• psyching out opponents at pre match conferences
• taking injury time out or toilet break when not needed
• deception of official to gain advantage
• verbal abuse to opposition to make them angry

Question 10

win ethic

Answer 10

win-at-all costs mindset where coming second isn’t an option with coaches resorting to violence or fake blood

evident in modern day:

• no drawn games
• managers and coaches fired if team loose
• lots of deviance- violence, aggression, doping
• media praise for winners
• media negativity for loosers

Question 11

positive deviancy

Answer 11

behaviour outside of the norms of society with no intent to harm or break the rules- with negative effect

• training so hard you injure yourself -
• playing with an injury - has negative effect on teammates or advantage to opponent (paula radcliffe)
• playing within rules but accidentally hurting another player -

Question 12

negative deviancy

Answer 12

acting in a way that knowingly and intentionally breaks the rules

• using performance enhancing drugs
• cheating
• bribery
• intentional fouls
• injuring opponent through aggression
• hooliganism
• illegal betting
• violence

Question 13

combatting devience

Answer 13

• penalties
• fines/bans
• non spectator games - reduce racism
• better qualified officials
• increased use of technology - hawkeye
• fair play awards
• more comms between officials
• prosecutions for violence
• campaigns by ngbs - respect