Haem

Question 1

Down Syndrome is linked with which conditions

Answer 1

DS is most commonly associated with AML

However there is also a higher prevalence of ALL in those with DS

Question 2

What (non-anaemic) signs and symptoms would you get for b12 deficiency

Answer 2

• Glossitis
• CNS involvement
  
  • Personality change
  • Depression
  • Memory loss
  • Visual disturbances
  • Numbness, weakness and paraesthesia affecting the lower extremities
  • Ataxia
  • Loss of vibration sense or proprioception
  • Autonomic dysfunction (e.g. bladder/bowel dysfunction)

Question 3

Most common cause of vitamin b12 deficiency

Answer 3

most commonly due to pernicious anaemia

Question 4

Why does vit b12 deficiency cause neurological damage

Answer 4

Vitamin B12 also plays a role in keeping levels of methylmalonic acid low. This is a harmful substance that can cause neurological damage.

Question 5

what would you see on a blood film for vit b12 deficiency

Answer 5

megaloblastic anaemia +/- hypersegmented neutrophils

Question 6

how does warfarin work

Answer 6

it is a competitive inhibitor of vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1

Question 7

multiple myeloma symptoms

Answer 7

CRAB, Bones, Stone, Thrones, Groans and psychiatric overtones

Question 8

JAK-2 inhibitor (polycthemia vera)

Answer 8

Ruxolitinib

Question 9

Polycthemia vera management

Answer 9

Venesection, Hydroxycarbamide, Aspirin, Ruxolitinib, modify risk factors

Question 10

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome Triad

Answer 10

microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI)

Question 11

signs of malaria

Answer 11

pallor, jaundice, Hepatosplenomegaly

Question 12

symptoms of malaria

Answer 12

Fever, sweats and rigors, Myalgia, fatigue, headaches, vomiting