Genetic Control of Metabolism

Question 1

Type of chromosome constructed by scientist to act as a vector in DNA technology.

Answer 1

Artificial

Question 2

DNA ligase

Answer 2

Enzyme used to seal a DNA fragment into a bacterial plasmid.

Question 3

Genetic variation

Answer 3

Heritable diversity that exists among living things.

Question 4

Marker

Answer 4

Gene present in a plasmid which enables scientists to determine whether or not the host cell has taken up the plasmid.

Question 5

Mutagenesis

Answer 5

The creation of mutations.

Question 6

Mutagenic

Answer 6

Referring to an agent (physical or chemical) that acts on DNA and causes mutations.

Question 7

Origin of replication

Answer 7

The site on a plasmid which contains genes controlling self replication of plasmid DNA.

Question 8

Plasmid

Answer 8

Small ring of DNA present in bacteria that is used as a vector in recombinant DNA technology.

Question 9

Recombinant DNA technology

Answer 9

Process by which genetic material from one organism is inserted into the genome of another.

Question 10

Restriction endonuclease

Answer 10

Enzyme used to cut DNA into fragments and to cleave open bacterial plasmids that are to receive the DNA.

Question 11

Restriction site

Answer 11

The location on a plasmid which is cut open by a restriction endonuclease.

Question 12

Sexual

Answer 12

Form of reproduction by which new genotypes can be produced by fungi but not bacteria.

Question 13

Sticky end

Answer 13

One of two structures formed at a restriction site when DNA is cut by a restriction endonuclease.

Question 14

Vector

Answer 14

Agent such as a plasmid by means of which a fragment of ‘foreign’ DNA is inserted into a host cell.