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402: Rheum and derm > Vasculitis > Flashcards

Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

Giant cell arteritis is a _______ and mainly affects _____

A

Medium/ large vessel arteritis

Mainly affects branches of ICA and ECA

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2
Q

What pro-inflammatory cytokines are release in GCA

A

IL-6 and IL-1

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3
Q

Visual loss in GCA arises from occlusion of which arteries?

A

Posterior ciliary

Central retinal

Cilioretinal artery

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4
Q

Risk factors for GCA

A

Age >50, Women

Family history

Other autoimmune conditions

Polymyalgia rheumatica

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5
Q

List 5 main features of GCA

A

Headache/ Scalp tenderness

Eyes: Visual disturbance/ pain

Jaw/ tongue claudication

Ear: hearing loss/ vertigo

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6
Q

List 5 signs of GCA

A

Bulging/ knotted artery

Reduced/ absent pulse

Asymmetrical BP of upper limbs

Visual field defects

Abnormal fundoscopy

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7
Q

What is the diagnostic investigation for GCA?

A

Temporal artery biopsy and histology

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8
Q

Blood test findings for GCA

A

Anaemia- of chronic disease

Raised CRP and ESR

May show
- Thrombocytopenia
- Elevated liver transaminase

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9
Q

Imaging methods for GCA

A

Ultrasound
- Temporal/ axillary arteries

PET/ MRA/ CTA

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10
Q

Acute management of a GCA attack with visual symptoms

A

Analgesia

IV methylprednisolone 500mg-1g for 3 days.

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11
Q

Long term management of GCA

A

Prednisolone oral
- Load and taper when symptoms resolve

Co-prescribe protection for osteoporosis

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12
Q

Management of resistant GCA

A

Methotrexate

Biologics
- Tocilizumab

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13
Q

List 4 complications of GCA

A

Aortic aneurysm

Aortic dissection

Large artery stenosis

CVD (i.e. stroke)

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14
Q

Management of acute GCA without visual loss

A

40-60mg prednisolone PO

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15
Q

Bechet’s disease is characterised by what triad of features?

A

Oral ulcers

Genital ulcers

Anterior uveitis

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16
Q

What autoimmune marker is associated with granulomatosis with polyangitis?

A

c-ANCA

17
Q

Core presentation of granulomatosis with polyangitis

A

ELK

ENT
- nosebleeds
- Sinusitis
- (conductive) Hearing loss

Lungs
- Cough
- Haemoptysis

Kidneys
- Haematuria
- Peripheral oedema

18
Q

Pathophysiology of GPA

A

ANCA attack endothelial cells.

Sterile granulomas are formed in small blood vessels

19
Q

What systems are primary affected in microscopic polyangiitis

A

Kidneys

Lungs

Neurological

20
Q

microscopic polyangiitis is a (p-ANCA/ c-ANCA) positive condition

A

p-ANCA

21
Q

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis presentation

A

Atopy (asthmatic symptoms)

Neurological features

Pulmonary infiltrates

ENT: sinusitis, nasal polyps

GI
- Gut vasculitis

22
Q

What are the ANCA related vasculitis

A

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Microscopic polyangiitis

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

23
Q

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis is (p-ANCA/ c-ANCA)

A

p-ANCA

402: Rheum and derm (12 decks)

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