Bone calcification disorders Flashcards
Medications that increase risk of osteoporosis
Corticosteroids
PPI
Anti-epileptics
Anti-oestrognes
Causes of osteoporosis
Low vit D/ calcium
Low peak bone density (sedentary lifestyle)
Gonadal failure
Primary hypoparathyroidism
Risk factors for osteoporosis [5]
Sedentary lifestyle
Rheumatoid arthritis
Smoking, alcohol
Low BMI
Chronic disease
People with osteoporosis are at risk of ______
Verebral fractures
________ is used to assess risk of fragility fracture over the next _______
FRAX tool= risk over 10 years.
Features of the FRAX tool
BMI
Co-morbidities
Smoking, alcohol
FHx
Bone mineral density
First line investigation for osteoporosis
DEXA scan
- Gives T score at hip
Osteopenia is defined as a DEXA scan T score of…
-1 to -2.5
Osteoporosis is defined as a DEXA scan T score of…
< -2.5
Blood test findings for osteopenia would show \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ calcium \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ phosphate \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ PTH \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ vitamin D
Low vit D and calcium
Elevated PTH
Low phosphate
Lifestyle management of osteoporosis
Exercise- weight bearing
Smoking cessation, alcohol control
Healthy BMI
Good calcium and vit D exposure
Avoid fails with aids
Vitamind D and calcium supplement is indicated in osteoporosis when…
High risk of calcium and intake is low
First line pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis
In men, post-menopausal women
Bisphosphonates
- 1st line = Alendronate 70mg PO OW
- Risedronate 35mg PO OW
________ is a bisphosphonate not licensed in men
Zolendronic acid
Zolendronic acid is given via ______ route at _______ frequency
IV route, once a year.
