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Biology 2 > Chapter 34: The Invertebrates (Book Questions/Quiz) > Flashcards

Chapter 34: The Invertebrates (Book Questions/Quiz) Flashcards

1
Q

Approximately what percentage of animal species are NOT invertebrates?

Multiple choice question.

75

5

50

95

25

A

5; Invertebrates are 95% of species

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2
Q

An invertebrate animal is one that does not have:

Multiple choice question.

a complete gut

jointed appendages

a backbone

true tissues

A

a backbone

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3
Q

This phylogenetic tree summarizes the evolutionary relationships among animal groups. According to it, the Lophotrochozoa are most closely related to the clade ___________.

A

Ecdysozoa

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4
Q

Comb jellies make up the phylum _______

A

Ctenophores

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5
Q

A tissue is best defined as a

Multiple choice question.

group of cells that can only reproduce sexually.

group of organs that make up an organ system.

group of organelles that make up a cell.

group of cells that have a similar structure and function.

A

group of cells that have a similar structure and function.

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6
Q

What organisms make up the Porifera phylum?

Multiple choice question.

Lancelets

Coral

Sponges

Squid

Flatworms

A

Sponges

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7
Q

The feeding mechanism of a sponge can be summarized as such: Water is drawn into the ______ by the beating action of ________. Small particulate matter and tiny plankton are trapped and eaten, while the water then flows out through the large opening at the top.

Multiple choice question.

choanocytes; osculum

spongocoel; choanocytes

osculum; cilia

spongocoel; spicules

A

spongocoel; choanocytes

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8
Q

Select all of the following that can be components of the skeleton of a sponge.

Multiple select question.

Cellulose

Chitin

Silica spicules

Calcium carbonate spicules

Water (a hydrostatic skeleton)

Spongin fibers

A

Silica spicules

Calcium carbonate spicules

Spongin fibers

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9
Q

Select all that apply

How do sponges reproduce? Choose all that apply.

Multiple select question.

A small fragment or bud may detach and form new sponge.

Sperm and eggs are both released into the water column to fuse and develop into swimming larvae.

Eggs are released first and sink to the substrate, where sperm that are released later fertilize them and they develop in place into sessile adults.

Male and female buds are released from the parent sponge, which produce sperm and eggs that fuse and develop into swimming larvae.

Sperm are released into the water and fertilize eggs in the mesohyl of another sponge, developing into swimming larvae.

A

A small fragment or bud may detach and form new sponge.

Sperm are released into the water and fertilize eggs in the mesohyl of another sponge, developing into swimming larvae.

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10
Q

Select all that apply

Which of the following are characteristics of members of the Cnidaria phylum?

Multiple select question.

Found in marine or freshwater habitats

Possess a mesoglea

Possess three germ layers

Includes sponges

A

Found in marine or freshwater habitats

Possess a mesoglea

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11
Q

Sponges are members of the phylum ________

A

Porifera

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12
Q

In cnidarians, the ________ stage is sessile whereas the __________ stage is motile.

A

Polyp; Medusa

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13
Q

What sentence best describes the feeding mechanism of a sponge?

Multiple choice question.

Siphons draw water into body of the sponge, where particulate food items are trapped by a layer of mucus.

Tiny food particles are trapped by flagellated cells as water is drawn through pores in the body of the sponge and exits via the osculum.

Tentacles capture prey items, which are then drawn into the mouth and digested in the gastrovascular cavity.

A

Tiny food particles are trapped by flagellated cells as water is drawn through pores in the body of the sponge and exits via the osculum.

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14
Q

In cnidarians, each cnidocyte has a hairlike trigger called a ______ on its surface. When it is stimulated, it can lead to the discharge of the ______, which is used in defense or capture of prey.

Multiple choice question.

cnidocil; nematocyst

statocyst; ocelli

cnidocyte; statocyst

nematocyst; cnidocil

A

cnidocil; nematocyst

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15
Q

What are the roles of spongin protein and spicules in sponges?

Multiple choice question.

Skeletal support

Toxic defensive chemicals

Capture plankton out of the water

Create water flow into the spongocoel

A

Skeletal support

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16
Q

Organisms that undergo protostome development and possess either a lophophore or a distinct trochophore larval stage are members of what major animal clade?

Multiple choice question.

Ecdysozoa

Lophotrochozoa

Deuterostomia

Radiata

A

Lophotrochozoa

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17
Q

True or False: In sponge sexual reproduction, the fertilized egg develops into a swimming larva.

True false question.
True
False

A

True

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18
Q

Bilateral animals belong to three major clades: __________, ecdysoza, and ___________

A

lophotrochozoa; deuterostomia

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19
Q

Cnidarians are found in ______ environments and possess ______ embryonic germ layers.

Multiple choice question.

aquatic; two

soil; three

soil; two

aquatic; three

A

aquatic; two

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20
Q

To which phylum do flatworms belong?

Multiple choice question.

Chordata

Rotifera

Platyhelminthes

Lophotrochozoa

Nematoda

A

Platyhelminthes

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21
Q

Which of the following statements about the body forms of cnidarians is TRUE?

Multiple choice question.

The polyp is motile and the medusa is sessile

Both the polyp and medusa are sessile, but they differ in size

The polyp is sessile and the medusa is motile

Both the polyp and medusa are motile, but they differ in size

A

The polyp is sessile and the medusa is motile

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22
Q

Select all that apply

Members of the phylum Platyhelminthes have which of the following characteristics?

Multiple select question.

They exhibit cephalization.

They are acoelomate.

They have mesoderm.

They are diploblastic.

They have a complete digestive system.

A

They exhibit cephalization.

They are acoelomate.

They have mesoderm.

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23
Q

Cnidarians are able to defend themselves in what way?

Multiple choice question.

Rapid color change for camouflage

Use of specialized stinging cells known as cnidocytes

Numerous sharp spicules to deter predators

Release of ink from surface cnidocils to facilitate escape

A

Use of specialized stinging cells known as cnidocytes

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24
Q

Which of the following organisms have a pseudocoelom and a ciliated crown?

Multiple choice question.

Flatworms

Rotifers

Mollusks

Lancelets

Cnidarians

A

Rotifers

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25
Q

Which of the following are distinguishing characteristics of the Lophotrochozoa clade?

Multiple select question.

An endoskeleton

Protostome development

A body plan consisting of a foot, visceral mass, and mantle

Pharyngeal gill slits

A lophophore or a distinct trochophore larval stage

A

Protostome development (the formation of a mouth before the anus)

A lophophore or a distinct trochophore larval stage

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26
Q

Select all that apply

The lophophore, the structure characteristic of lophophorates, plays important roles in which of the following processes?

Multiple select question.

Protection

Feeding

Respiration

Movement

Reproduction

A

Feeding

Respiration

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27
Q

Select all that apply

What are the three clades of bilateral animals?

Multiple select question.

Lophotrochozoa

Deuterostomia

Ecdysozoa

Parazoa

Trophozoa

A

Lophotrochozoa

Deuterostomia

Ecdysozoa

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28
Q

Select all that apply

Of the organisms listed, which are members of the Mollusca phylum?

Multiple select question.

Chitons

Brachiopods

Clams

Snails

Tunicates

A

Chitons

Clams

Snails

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29
Q

Flatworms are members of the phylum _________

A

Platyhelminthes

30
Q

Mollusks have a soft body, which may be covered by a tough external _________. Their basic body plan consists of three parts: a muscular _____________ (used for movement), a(n) ___________ mass (which contains the internal organs), and a(n) ___________ (which produces the shell in mollusks that have one).

A

Shell; foot; visceral; mantle

31
Q

Acoelomate organisms that have a flattened body make up the phylum:

Multiple choice question.

Echinodermata

Platyhelminthes

Mollusca

Annelida

Nematoda

A

Platyhelminthes

32
Q

Members of the phylum Rotifera get their name from their:, which have a known as a corona that is used in locomotion and feeding?

Multiple choice question.

flagellated tail

ciliated crown

ciliated tail

flagellated crown

A

ciliated crown

33
Q

Some invertebrate organisms possess a crown of tentacles called a(n) ______ that functions in feeding and respiration.

Multiple choice question.

colloblast

choanocyte

lophophore

trochophore

A

lophophore

34
Q

Members of what phylum can be described as such: segmented organisms that have a complete digestive system, a ventral nerve cord, and a coelom that acts as a hydrostatic skeleton?

Multiple choice question.

Arthropoda

Brachiopoda

Mollusca

Annelida

A

Annelida

35
Q

Snails, clams, octopuses, and chitons are all members of the phylum _________

A

mollusca

36
Q

With one exception, the following are characteristics common to all mollusks. Which characteristic is NOT found in all mollusks?

Multiple choice question.

Mantle

Coelom

Soft body

Visceral mass

Radula

A

Radula

37
Q

Leeches and earthworms are examples of organisms in the phylum _______

A

Annelida

38
Q

Which of the following are the three major advantages of segmentation?

Multiple select question.

Cephalization

Redundancy of organs

Enhanced predation

Metamorphosis

Enhanced locomotion

Specialization

A

Redundancy of organs

Enhanced locomotion

Specialization

39
Q

The phylum Annelida consists of the _______ worms

A

segmented

40
Q

What is ecdysis?

Multiple choice question.

The process of changing from a juvenile to adult form

The ability to regenerate lost body parts

The relationship between a parasite and its host

The process of molting or shedding a cuticle

A

The process of molting or shedding a cuticle

41
Q

The phylogenetic grouping of nematodes and arthropods into Ecdysozoa suggests that ______ arose only once in evolution.

Multiple choice question.

pseudocoelomates

segmentation

a worm-like body plan

molting

flight

A

molting

42
Q

Small, thin worms that usually range from 1 mm to 5 cm in length.

Multiple choice question.

Cnidaria

Rotifera

Ctenophora

Platyhelminthes

Nematoda

A

Nematoda

43
Q

Select all that apply

Which of the following are examples of annelids?

Multiple select question.

Nematodes

Flatworms

Tube worms

Leeches

Earthworms

A

Tube worms

Leeches

Earthworms

44
Q

Repetition of body parts, minimization of distortion during movement, and specialization of body regions are the three major advantages of _________ in annelids/

A

segmentation

45
Q

Select all that apply

All members of the phylum Arthropoda have what characteristics?

Multiple select question.

An exoskeleton composed of chitin and protein

Jointed legs

Segmentation

A closed circulatory system

Eight legs and chelicerae

A

An exoskeleton composed of chitin and protein

Jointed legs

Segmentation

46
Q

The periodic shedding of the exoskeleton (cuticle) is known as molting or ________

A

ecdysis

47
Q

Which of the following are characteristics of both Nematoda and Arthropoda?

Multiple select question.

In the clade Lophotrochozoa

Grow by molting their cuticle

In the clade Ecdysozoa

Have segmented bodies

Are filter feeders

A

Grow by molting their cuticle

In the clade Ecdysozoa

48
Q

Select all that apply

Which of the following statements are true of members of the phylum Nematoda? Choose all that apply.

Multiple select question.

They undergo ecdysis

Found exclusively in aquatic environments

Many species are parasitic

Range in length from 1 cm to 50 cm

Also called round worms

A

They undergo ecdysis

Many species are parasitic

Also called round worms

49
Q

Select all that apply

Features of the arthropod body plan include:

Multiple select question.

jointed appendages

a muscular foot

a water vascular system

a cuticle composed of chitin and protein

segments fused into tagmata

compound eyes composed of ommatidia

A

jointed appendages

a cuticle composed of chitin and protein

segments fused into tagmata

compound eyes composed of ommatidia

50
Q

The phyla _________ and ____________ are included in the Deuterostomia clade because their members undergo deuterostome embryonic development.

A

echinoderms; chordates

51
Q

Segmented organisms with jointed legs and a hard exoskeleton composed of chitin make up the phylum _______

A

arthropods

52
Q

Select all that apply

Which of the following are characteristics of echinoderms?

Multiple select question.

Tube feet

Endoskeleton composed of calcareous plates

Presence of a notochord

Bilateral symmetry at all life stages

Presence of a water vascular system

Protostome development

A

Tube feet

Endoskeleton composed of calcareous plates

Presence of a water vascular system

53
Q

True or false: Echinoderms and chordates are closely related, both have endoskeletons and deuterostome development.

True false question.
True
False

A

True

54
Q

Members of the phylum _____ have a cuticle composed of chitin and protein, jointed appendages, and segments fused into functional units called tagmata.

A

arthropods

55
Q

What phyla are included in the Deuterostomia clade?

Multiple select question.

Cnidaria

Annelida

Echinodermata

Arthropoda

Chordata

Mollusca

A

Echinodermata

Chordata

56
Q

What statement most accurately describes the skeletons of chordates and echinoderms?

Multiple choice question.

In echinoderms it provides protection, but in chordates it allows for muscle attachment within the body and facilitates complex movements.

In both echinoderms and chordates, it functions in protection of the body.

In both echinoderms and chordates, it provides a location for muscle attachment within the body, allowing for complex movements.

In chordates it provides protection, but in echinoderms it allows for muscle attachment within the body and facilitates complex movements.

A

In echinoderms it provides protection, but in chordates it allows for muscle attachment within the body and facilitates complex movements.

57
Q

MATCH THE TERMS

Porifera
Cnidaria
Mollusca
Arthropoda
Echinodermata

Asymmetrical; no true tissues; choanocytes move water through the body wall and trap food particles

Bilateral symmetry; triploblastic; body plan comprised of a foot, visceral mass, and mantle; some species have a shell for protection

Larvae exhibit bilateral symmetry, adults radial; triploblastic; tube feet; deuterostome development; endoskeleton composed of ossicles

Radial symmetry; diploblastic; polyp and medusa forms; stinging cells

Bilateral symmetry; triploblastic; segmented; a hard cuticle composed primarily of chitin; ecdysis

A 
1A
2D
3B
4E
5C
58
Q

Which of the following statements is true regarding echinoderms and chordates?

Multiple choice question.

Both have endoskeletons and undergo protostome development

Both have endoskeletons and undergo deuterostome development

Both have exoskeletons and undergo protostome development.

Both have exoskeletons and undergo deuterostome development

A

Both have endoskeletons and undergo deuterostome development

59
Q

The endoskeleton of organisms in the phylum ______ is similar to those of arthropods by providing protection to the animal, whereas the endoskeleton of members of the phylum __________ is located deep within the body, providing an attachment site for muscles and the ability to execute complex movements.

A

Echinodermata, chordata

60
Q

What is the primary function of the water vascular system of a starfish?

Question 1 options:

Movement

Respiration

Reproduction

All of the above

A and B only

A

A and B only

61
Q

Imagine a Poriferan that has lost its ability to produce spicules. What do you predict would happen to this sponge?

Question 2 options:

It would be less able to pass chemical messages from cell to cell

It would not be able to create a current through the sponge

It would be less able to avoid damage during predatory attacks

Its ability to move would decrease

A

It would be less able to avoid damage during predatory attacks

62
Q

I have an animal in front of me with radial symmetry, is transparent in color, has long tentacles and a complete gut with both mouth and anus. This animal must be a member of which phylum?

Question 3 options:

Ctenophora

Echinodermata

Porifera

Platyhelminthes

Cnidaria

A

Cnidaria

63
Q

You are a physician and a your patient describes symptoms of gastrointestinal distress and has noticed something in his stool. You examine it and find a worm-shaped organism with a flat body, bilateral symmetry, incomplete digestive system and protonephridia. You recognize that your patient was infected with a(n)

Question 4 options:

Roundworm from the Phylum Nematoda

Tapeworm from the Phylum Arthropoda

Tapeworm from the Phylum Platyhelminthes

Insect from the Phylum Arthropoda

A

Tapeworm from the Phylum Platyhelminthes

64
Q

I have an animal in front of me that is asymmetrical, has no tissues layers and eats plankton. This animal is a member of which phylum?

Question 5 options:

Cnidaria

Ctenophora

Porifera

Echinodermata

Platyhelminthes

A

Porifera

65
Q

Sea stars eat oysters so oyster fisherman used to catch them, chop them in half and throw them back into the ocean. Based on what you know about sea stars, what do you think happened to the population of sea starts in the area?

Question 6 options:

It stayed the same as the sea stars increased their reproductive rate in response

It increased, as each sea star regrew from the two halves

It went extinct as the fishermen eventually killed all of the sea stars

It decreased as the fishermen continued to kill the sea stars

A

It increased, as each sea star regrew from the two halves

66
Q

If a mutation occurred in a flatworm such that the flame cells no longer functioned, what do you predict would be the consequence?

Question 7 options:

Excretory function would be impaired

The parasitic forms could no longer hold onto their host

Digestive function would be impaired

Nerve function would be impaired

A

Excretory function would be impaired

67
Q

You were digging in the sand at the bottom of the shallow ocean and found a small worm-shaped animal. It has a postanal tail, bilateral symmetry and a notochord. What is the correct classification for this organism?

Question 9 options:

Phylum Annelida

Phylum Chordata

Phylum Nematoda

Phylum Platyhelminthes

A

Phylum Chordata

68
Q

Your lab group is charged with the identification of an unknown creature. Your lab partners believe that is a small annelid because of its wormlike appearance. You argue it is a nematode. To convince your lab partners, you point out certain distinguishing characteristics. Which characteristic here is associated with the nematodes?

Question 11 options:

Fertilization takes place externally

Nematodes possess both longitudinal and circular muscles

Their pseudocoelom functions both as a circulatory system and a hydrostatic skeleton

Nematodes secrete an internal cuticle, which is made primarily of collagen

A

Their pseudocoelom functions both as a circulatory system and a hydrostatic skeleton

69
Q

Sponges are able to create currents throughout their bodies using

Question 13 options:

Spongocoels

Choanocytes

Spicules

Ameboid cells

A

Choanocytes

70
Q

I have an animal in front of me with bilateral symmetry, repeated segments that each have setae, a complete gut and a trochophore larva. This animal must be a member of which phylum?

Question 14 options:

Echinodermata

Annelida

Platyhelminthes

Arthropoda

Cnidaria

A

Annelida

71
Q

You have been out on the boat with friends and have pulled up a new creature in a net that was on the bottom of the ocean. This animal has an external cuticle, jointed appendages, and a body consisting of a cephalothorax and abdomen. What is the accurate classification for this animal?

Question 15 options:

Phylum Nematoda, Class Diplopoda

Subphylum Myriapoda, Class Chilopoda

Phylum Annelida, Class Hirudinea

Phylum Arthropoda, Subphylum Crustacea

A

Phylum Arthropoda, Subphylum Crustacea

Biology 2 (61 decks)

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