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Full Anatomy Course (MbChB) > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main functions of bone?

A 
Weight bearing
Support
Protection 
Mineral store 
Blood formation
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2
Q

Name the 2 different types of bone

A

Compact (cortical) bone

Trabecular (spongy) bone

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3
Q

Where is red marrow found?

A

Spongy bone

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4
Q

What is the name of the membrane that covers the outside of bones?

A

Periosteum

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5
Q

what is the name of the membrane that lines the medullary canal of bones?

A

endosteum

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6
Q

What is the name of the structural units which make up compact bone?

A

Osteons

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7
Q

Name the two different types of canal in an osteon

A

Central vertical Haversian canal, horizontal volkmann’s canal

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8
Q

Describe the structure of spongy bone

A

Network of lamellated trabecular filled with bone marrow

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9
Q

What are the three main cell types in bone and what are their roles

A
  1. Osteoblasts (blast out bone matrix)
  2. Osteoclasts (break down bone matrix)
  3. Osteocytes (senses mechanical forces and regulates the other two cell types
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10
Q

What is the name given to the pit formed as osteoclasts break down bone?

A

Howships lacunae

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11
Q

What type of collagen is found in bone?

A

Type I

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12
Q

What is the type of crystal found in bone?

A

Hydroxyapatite crystals (calcium & phosphate crystals)

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13
Q

What disease occurs when bone reabsorption is greater than bone formation?

A

Osteoporosis

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14
Q

What disease is caused when bone reabsorption is increased?

A

Paget’s

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15
Q

What disease is caused in cases of decreased bone resorption?

A

Osteopetrosis

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16
Q

What is the name given to the type of bone growth that increases the diameter of the bone?

A

Appositional growth

17
Q

What is the name given to the type of bone growth that increases the length of the bone from the epiphysis?

A

Intersitial

18
Q

What is the official term for a growth plate?

A

Epiphysis

19
Q

What is the official term for the long shaft of a bone?

A

diaphysis

20
Q

What is the name given to the neck of a long bone?

A

Metaphysis

21
Q

What type of ossification occurs in adult bones?

A

Intramembranous ossification

22
Q

What type of ossification occurs in the epiphysis?

A

Endochondral ossification

Full Anatomy Course (MbChB) (16 decks)

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