Medsci L2. Spinal cord

Question 1

Number of cervical nerves

Answer 1

8

Question 2

Number of thoracic nerves

Answer 2

12

Question 3

number of lumbar nerves

Answer 3

5

Question 4

How many pairs of nerves are in the spinal cord in total?

Answer 4

31

Question 5

where is the best place for injections in the back?

Answer 5

Below the spinal cord to avoid damaging the spinal cord.

Question 6

Pia Mater

Answer 6

The pia mater is the innermost layer of the meninges. The pial cellular layer firmly adheres to the surface of the spinal cord

Question 7

Dura Mater

Answer 7

Dura mater is a thick membrane made of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It is the outermost of the three layers of membrane called the meninges that protect the central nervous system.

Question 8

What are the 3 meningeal layers?

Answer 8

dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater

Question 9

Cauda Equina

Answer 9

The collection of nerves at the end of the spinal cord.

Question 10

Discriminative sensation information

Answer 10

Ability to tell 2 different points of touch apart

Question 11

Meissner’s corpuscle

Answer 11

consist of a cutaneous nerve ending responsible for transmitting the sensations of fine, discriminative touch and vibration

Question 12

Pacinian corpuscle

Answer 12

Pacinian corpuscles detect gross pressure changes and vibrations

Question 13

What type of neuron is myelinated in the spinal cord?

Answer 13

Pseudounipolar neurons

Question 14

What type of neurons are responsible for pain/temperature?

Answer 14

Unmyelinated neurons with free nerve endings( non-encapsulated)
-End at the back of the grey matter

Question 15

what is the speed of signal in pseudounipolar sensory neurons?

Answer 15

50 m/s

Question 16

What is the speed in unmyelinated pain/temp neurons?

Answer 16

1 m/s

Question 17

dorsal root ganglion

Answer 17

bundle of cells bodies in dorsal root

Question 18

how does the sensory pseudounipolar neuron split?

Answer 18

one end goes to grey matter(sinapses with other neurons) and the other to white matter(straight to the brain)

Question 19

What is convergence and what is its function?

Answer 19

1 sensory neuron picks up information from other neurons and then carries it to the brain. This is done to reduce the volume of the spinal cord as there are less neurons going up to the brain.

Question 20

Where is motor and sensory information carried?

Answer 20

motor carried forward through ventral root

sensory carried towards the back through the dorsal root

Question 21

where is white and grey matter located in the spinal cord?

Answer 21

white on the outside, grey on the inside.

Question 22

cervical enlargement

Answer 22

area where the information goes to and from the arms

Question 23

lumbar enlargement

Answer 23

area of the spine where the information goes to and from the legs

Question 24

3 protective layers of the spinal cord

Answer 24

pia mater
arachnoid mater
dura mater

Question 25

where are opioid receptors located?

Answer 25

dorsal gray root

Question 26

where are cell bodies for upper motor neurons located?

Answer 26

precentral gyri of the cerebral cortex

Question 27

where are cell bodies of lower motor neurons located?

Answer 27

anterior gray horns of the spinal cord