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Medsci 142 > L5: Autonomic and endocrine systems > Flashcards

L5: Autonomic and endocrine systems Flashcards

1
Q

Sensory input in Autonomic system

A

Mainly interoceptors

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2
Q

Sensory input in Somatic system

A

special senses and somatic senses

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3
Q

Control of output in Autonomic system

A

Involuntary from limbic system, brain stem, and spinal cord

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4
Q

Control of output in Somatic system

A

Voluntary from cerebral cortex

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5
Q

Which motor-neuron pathway is in Autonomic system?

A

2 neuron

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6
Q

Which motor neuron pathway is in Somatic system?

A

One neuron

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7
Q

What neurons use Acetylcholine?

A

Preganglionic axons
Postganglionic parasympathetic
Postganglionic sympathetic to sweat glands

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8
Q

What neurons use Norepinephrine?

A

Postganglionic sympathetic fibres other than to sweat glands

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9
Q

What neurotransmitter is used by the Somatic system?

A

Acetylcholine

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10
Q

Effectors of Autonomic system

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

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11
Q

Is constriction of blood vessels a sympathetic or parasympathetic response?

A

sympathetic

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12
Q

Is increased blood sugar a sympathetic or parasympathetic response?

A

sympathetic

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13
Q

Is constriction of bronchi a sympathetic or parasympathetic response?

A

Parasympathetic

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14
Q

Sympathetic-innervation to most effector tissues: pathway

A
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15
Q

Sympathetic division-innervation to most sweat glands

A
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16
Q

Parasympathetic division pathway

A
17
Q

Hypothalamus function

A
  • controls internal organs via autonomic nervous system and pituitary gland
  • regulates behavioural patterns, circadian rhythm and sleep/wake cycle
  • Controls body temperature
  • Regulates eating and drinking behaviour
18
Q

Endocrine hormone release

A

hormone goes into blood to affect distant cells

19
Q

Paracrine hormone

A

Hormone is released to affect nearby cells

20
Q

Autocrine hormone

A

Local

The hormones affect the cell that produces them

21
Q

Mechanism of action of lipid-soluble hormones

A
  • Hormones released directly into the blood stream, encapsulated by transporter protein
  • In tissues: released from transporter protein
  • Diffuses across the cell membrane
  • Bind to receptor on the nucleus
  • Expression of genes is altered in response to the hormone
  • New messages/proteins. Cell structure and behavior changes
22
Q

Mechanism of action of Water-soluble hormones

A
  • do not need a carrier
  • diffuse toward tissues
  • Cell needs a specific receptor for hormones to go through ( GPCR)
  • Hormone binds to GPCR-> activates g protein->adenyl cyclase is activated->ATP is converted to cAMP->phosphorylation cascade-> physiological response

Medsci 142 (32 decks)

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