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A&P 150 > Ch 2: The Chemical Basic Of Life > Flashcards

Ch 2: The Chemical Basic Of Life Flashcards

1
Q

If a chemical reaction deals with water what are we looking for?

A

Polar covalent or hydrogen bonds

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2
Q

What is decomp; catabolism?

A

Chemical bonds are broken during chemical reactions

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3
Q

What are synthesis; anabolism ?

A

Two or more reactants chemically combine to form new and larger products

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4
Q

What is dehydration in synthesis reactions?

A

Synthetic reaction where water is a product

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5
Q

What is an Enzyme?

A

Biological catalyst to speed up chemical reactions into lower activity energy in
reactions
- not consumed in final product!!!

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6
Q

What is the human physiological pH?

A

7.35-7.45

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7
Q

What is acidosis?

A

Less than 7.35

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8
Q

What is alkalosis?

A

Greater than 7.45

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9
Q

On a linear pH scale, what are the increments?

A

10x

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10
Q

Is saturated or unsaturated fats healthier for humans?

A

Unsaturated fats

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11
Q

What are steroids

A

Four ring structure that’s fused

- either human made steroid (testosterone) or stimulant 

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12
Q

Any double bond line structure what is the bend called?

A

Kink

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13
Q

What are amino acids?

A

Building blocks of protein

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14
Q

What is primary structure?

A

Linear sequence of amino acid

(Beads on a string)

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15
Q

What is secondary structure?

A

Hydrogen bonding (sheet or helix)

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16
Q

What is tertiary structure of proteins?

A

Interaction with polypeptides

Three dimensional folding pattern

17
Q

What is quaternary structure of proteins?

A

Protein structure consisting of more than one amino acid chain

18
Q

What is transcription?

A

DNA—> RNA

Making RNA out of DNA

19
Q

What is translation?

A

RNA—> proteins

20
Q

What is replication?

A

DNA —> DNA

21
Q

What is nucleotides?

A

Five carbon sugar, nitrogenous base and phosphate

22
Q

What is DNA?

A

Deoxyribose nucleic acid

23
Q

What is RNA?

A

Ribose nucleic acid

24
Q

What is Phosphate group?

A

Base with nitrogen

25
Q

What is single base rings?

A

Pyrimidines

26
Q

What is double bass rings?

A

Purines

27
Q

What are the nucleic acids are in purines?

A
  • guanine and adenine

2 rings

28
Q

What nucleic acids are in pyrimidines?

A
  • Cytosine, (DNA & RNA)
  • thymine, (DNA only)
  • uracil, (RNA only)
29
Q

What new cliic acid is not in DNA?

A

Uracil

30
Q

What nucleic acid is not found in RNA?

A

Thymine

31
Q

Nitrogen bases (DNA)

A

Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine

32
Q

RNA bases

A

Cytosine, guanine, uracil, adenine

33
Q

What are the four macromolecules and its subunits?

A
  • proteins: amino acids
  • nucleic acid: nucleotides
  • carbohydrates: monosaccharides
  • lipids: triglycerides

A&P 150 (26 decks)

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