Chapter 16 And Knots

Question 1

List 8 defects that might be found during rope inspection that would require a rope to be retired.

Answer 1

a) Cuts
b) excessive fraying
c) puffs
d) pulled or herniated fibers
e) abrasions
f) changes in diameter
g) discoloration
h) glazing of fibers

Question 2

Before climbing a tree, a climber should inspect the tree for 5 hazards such as

Answer 2

a) Broken limbs
b) dead limbs
c) electrical hazards
d) decay
e) splits

Question 3

True/False
The load on any piece of climbing or rigging equipment can be many times higher than the weight of the climber or the limb being rigged

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The ____ ____ reported by the manufacturer is the breaking strength of a rope or piece of hardware

Answer 4

Tensile strength

Question 5

Climbers may also choose to use a ____–____ device when tying in. This can reduce the wear on the rope and damage to the tree and can, in some cases, facilitate climbing.

Answer 5

friction–saving

Question 6

A ____–____ knot is often tied in the tail from the climbing hitch as a ____ ____ to prevent the end from going through climbing hitch.

Answer 6

figure-8
stopper knot

Question 7

A ____ is a type of knot used to secure a rope around an object, another rope, or the standing part of the same rope. A ____ joins two rope ends together.

Answer 7

Hitch
Bend

Question 8

Two methods of using a climbing line to ascend a tree are ____–____ and ____ _____.

Answer 8

body-thrust
secured footlock

Question 9

True/False
When footlocking, putting the hands on or above the Prusik hitch could cause it to slide down the climbing line, creating a fall.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Because ____ ____ can damage a tree, they are approved for use only on trees to be removed or for aerial rescues.

Answer 10

Climbing spurs

Question 11

For added stability and safety, a climber should be secured with a ____–____ ____ in addition to the climbing line when using a chainsaw in a tree.

Answer 11

work positioning lanyard (or another line)

Question 12

True/False
The most important factor in any aerial rescue situation is speed–getting the victim to the ground in the shortest amount of time possible.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

_____ is the use of ropes and other equipment to take down trees or remove limbs.

Answer 13

Rigging

Question 14

____–____ ropes are not recommended for natural–crotch rigging, where the friction of the cover with the tree causes an imbalance in the load taken by the core and cover braids.

Answer 14

double-braid

Question 15

The ____ ____ of a rope is the tensile strength divided by the working-load limit.

Answer 15

design factor

Question 16

Carabiners must always be loaded along their ____ ____, and never across the gate

Answer 16

major axis

Question 17

____ ____ are heavy duty pulleys with a large, rotating sheave for the lowering line, and a smaller fixed sheave to accept a rope sling. In contrast, ____ ____ are designed for static, overhead rigging, where the loads are known and very low friction is required.

Answer 17

Arborist blocks
rescue pulleys

Question 18

True/False
Natural crotches can be fast and effective for use as a rigging point, but a consistent friction and versatility of placement of an arborist block is often a great advantage.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

When a piece must be removed without dropping either the butt or tip, it can be tied so it is ____, then lowered to the ground

Answer 19

balanced

Question 20

A technique in which a piece is tied above the point where it will be cut, and the line is run through a block or crotch below the cut is called ____ ____.

Answer 20

butt hitching

Question 21

The ____ ____ is the classic three-point cut, which dates back to the early years of arboriculture.

Answer 21

drop cut

Question 22

The ____ ____ is a variation of a standard tree felling techniques that employs the use of a notch and back cut to form a hinge and “steer” the limb.

Answer 22

hinge cut

Question 23

The ____ ____ is the primary climbing hitch used by tree climbers in the United States.

Answer 23

Tautline hitch

Question 24

Blake’s hitch is more preferred than the tautline hitch because it provides more ____ ____ and does not ____ _____.

Answer 24

uniform friction
roll out

Question 25

This is used as a stopper knot and end-line knot.

Answer 25

Figure-8

Question 26

The ____ ____ is used to attach a loop or length of rope to a carabiner, ring, or another rope

Answer 26

girth hitch

Question 27

The _____ is a strong knot for forming a loop and easy to untie.

Answer 27

bowline

Question 28

Which knot functions as a slip knot and can be tied around something that is far away and “run up” the line?

Answer 28

running bowline

Question 29

Which knot is used to send equipment up to a climber and can be tied in the middle of a line?

Answer 29

midline clove hitch

Question 30

The ____ ____ ____ is used to tie off limbs or sections of wood. It is backed up with at least ____ ____ ____.

Answer 30

Endline clove hitch with two half hitches

Question 31

One of the easiest and most useful knots for climbers is the ____ ____.

Answer 31

slip knot

Question 32

The ____ ____ is used to join 2 ropes of different diameters together.

Answer 32

sheet bend

Question 33

The grapevine knot’s primary purpose is to form a Prusik loop or as a termination knot for attaching a climbing line to a carabiner. Also known as a blank ____ ____ ____.

Answer 33

double fisherman’s bend

Question 34

The ____ ____ is a bi-directional friction hitch used in both climbing and rigging.

Answer 34

Prusik hitch

Question 35

This knot is tied with an eye sling and used for securing hardware to a tree,

Answer 35

cow hitch with half hitch

Question 36

The ____ ____ is tied with a sling and used for securing hardware onto trees too large for a cow hitch.

Answer 36

Timber hitch

Question 37

This knot is used to tie off a section when butt-hitching or lowering limbs or when there is no secure point for a running bowline.

Answer 37

Half hitch and running bowline

Question 38

The ____ ____ is a variation of the hinge cut and used to take a vertical top out of a tree.

Answer 38

topping cut