Time Period 2 (Chapter 5)

Question 1

Paxton Boys

Answer 1

Armed march on Philadelphia by Scots-Irish frontiersmen in protest of the Quaker’s lenient policies towards Native Americans

Question 2

Regulator Movement

Answer 2

eventually violent uprising of backcountry settlers in North Carolina against unfair taxation and the control of colonial affairs by the seaboard elite

Question 3

Triangular Trade

Answer 3

exchange of rum, slaves, and molasses, between North American colonies, Africa, and the West Indies

Question 4

Molasses Act

Answer 4

Tax on imported molasses passed by Parliament in an effort to squelch the North American trade with the French West Indies (ineffective due to smuggling)

Question 5

Arminianism

Answer 5

belief that salvation is offered to all humans but is conditional on God’s grace

Question 6

Great Awakening

Answer 6

religious revival that swept the colonies; participating ministers placed emphasis on direct and emotive spirituality

Question 7

Old Lights

Answer 7

Orthodox clergymen who rejected emotionalism for more rational spirituality

Question 8

New Lights

Answer 8

Ministers who took part in the revivalist, emotive religious tradition; pioneered by George Whitefield

Question 9

Poor Richard’s Almanack

Answer 9

Widely read annual pamphlet edited by Benjamin Franklin; best known for proverbs and aphorisms emphasizing thrift, industry, morality, and common sense

Question 10

Zenger Trial

Answer 10

New York libel case against John Peter Zenger; established the principle that truthful statements about public officials could not be prosecuted of libel

Question 11

Royal Colonies

Answer 11

colonies where governors were appointed directly by the king

Question 12

Proprietary Colonies

Answer 12

Colonies - Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware - under the control of local proprietors who appointed colonial governors

Question 13

Jean de Crevecoeur

Answer 13

French settler whose essays depicted American life in North American colonies and described what he saw as a new american identity

Question 14

Jacob Arminius

Answer 14

Dutch theologist who rejected predestination, preaching that salvation could be obtained by the acceptance of God’s Grace

Question 15

Johnathan Edwards

Answer 15

New England minister whose fiery sermons helped touch off the Great Awakening; emphasized human helplessness and depravity

Question 16

George Whitefield

Answer 16

Iterate English preacher whose rousing sermons throughout the American colonies drew vast audiences sparked a wave if religious conversion, the first great awakening

Question 17

John Trumbull

Answer 17

Connecticut born artist who traveled to England to pursue his artistic ambitions; best known for his depictions of the American revolution and the signings of the Declaration

Question 18

John Singleton Copley

Answer 18

Massachusetts born artist who was best known for his portraits of prominent colonial Americans, such as Paul Revere and Samuel Adams; loyalist during the revolution

Question 19

Phillis Wheatly

Answer 19

African American poet who overcame the barriers if slavery to publish two collections of her poems

Question 20

John Peter Zenger

Answer 20

New York printer tried for seditious libel against the state’s corrupt royal governor; his acquittal set an important precedent for the freedom of press