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HOSA: Human G&D > Cultural Considerations > Flashcards

Cultural Considerations Flashcards

1
Q

holistic

A

approach considerin all physical aspects & psychological, social, cognitive, & environmental influences

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2
Q

social factors influencing diet

A

attitude, economic & price structure, knowledge, skills, social support, societal & cultural factors, food & agricultural policy, food assistance programs, tobacco/drug use

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3
Q

culture

A

social group giving meaning to individuals’ life serving as anchor for traditions/beliefs & influence values & idenitity; also values, beliefs, ideas, customs, & characteristics passed on within group

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4
Q

is culture uniform for all members?

A

no, but foundation for behavior

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5
Q

4 characteristics of culture

A

learned, shared, social in nature (integrated/patterned), dynamic & constantly changing (adaptive) , & symbolic

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6
Q

subculture

A

culture within dominant cultural group w/common values, beliefs, & interests (ex: oncology nurses within whole nursing dept)

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7
Q

enculturation

A

learning culture from observing & instruction

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8
Q

what does the culture characteristic social in nature (integrated/patterned) mean

A

culture is based on economics, politics, social patterns, work ethic, & individualism

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9
Q

what are the 4 ways culture can be adaptive/dynamic

A

diffusion, acculturation, technological innovation, globalizatino

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10
Q

maladaptive culture

A

culture fails to change to meet challenges or too rapid of changes causing extinction

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11
Q

diffusion

A

spread of cultural traits from another culture

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12
Q

acculturation

A

values & beliefs exchanged from interactions w/other cultures, assuming some characteristics of dominant culture

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13
Q

technological innovation

A

technology solves societal problems leading to creation of cultural change

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14
Q

globalization

A

change through diffusion, acculturation, migration, & tourism (ex: social media)

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15
Q

examples of the culture characteristic symbolism

A

language, gestures, art, music

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16
Q

beliefs

A

truths held by culture’s people that affect views on social problems, thinking, organization; and behavior about health, illness, care, & death

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17
Q

values

A

characteristics that determine ethicality (culture values give direction for stability & security)

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18
Q

Norms

A

socially accepted rules & practices that guide behavior to determine role in group

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19
Q

3 parts of norms

A

folkways, laws, & mores

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20
Q

Folkways

A

customs determine greeting

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21
Q

Laws

A

written government policies

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22
Q

Mores

A

moral beliefs of culture; failure to follow causes ostracism

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23
Q

Race

A

classification by shared physical/biological traits that increases social construct & has little relationship w/biology; different cultures can share traits

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24
Q

Prejudice

A

learned behavior of a strong feeling/belief without reviewing facts/info often because of fear of things that are different

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25
Q

ethnicity

A

classification based on national origin/culture

26
Q

what do ethnicity groups share?

A

language, common heritage, geographic location, social customs, & beliefs

27
Q

cultural competence

A

conscious process of ongoing & continuous self-evaluation of culture knowledge & skills to reduce disparities & improve outcomes & satisfaction

28
Q

cultural senstivitity

A

recognize diversity & respect uniqueness by using correct language & avoiding offending

29
Q

cultural sensitivity

A
29
Q

cultural awareness

A

seek understanding of culture, race, & ethnicity

30
Q

religion

A

specific system of belief or worship in a 1 dimension of spirtuality

31
Q

spirituality

A

how individuals find purpose/meaning in life & connect w/nature/supreme being; outcome brings inner peace & well-being

32
Q

spiritual needs

A

beliefs & practices of individual

33
Q

multiculturalism

A

idea to maintain & value cultural identities, addressing differences in race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, life experiences, values, & socioeconomic status

34
Q

ethnicity

A

identity w/particular racial/national/cultural group & support of associated customs, beliefs, & languages

35
Q

bias

A

preference that inhibits impartial judgment

36
Q

ethnocentric

A

people who believe that their culture is better than others causing them to antagonize & alienate other cultures

37
Q

personal space

A

cultures are close contact or distant contact

38
Q

aka: personal space

A

territorial space

39
Q

time orientation

A

manner person responded to passage of time; 3 types (past, present, & future)

40
Q

describe past-oriented time orientation

A
  • value tradition
  • do it the way it’s always been done
  • hesitant to try new procedures
41
Q

describe present-oriented time orientation

A
  • seek instant gratification
  • doesn’t worry about how behavior will affect future
  • may neglect preventative health measures
  • ignores past/future if no implication in life
42
Q

describe future-oriented time orientation

A
  • long term goals
  • try to anticipate to prevent future problems
  • willing to take risk to achieve goals
  • more likely to do preventative care
43
Q

transcultural health care

A

care based on cultural beliefs, emotional needs, spiritual feelings, & physical needs; recognizes alternative methods, emotional response to care, healing ability of mind, & spirituality; can describe holistic care

44
Q

health concepts associated w/South Africans

A
  • maintain harmony of body, mind, & spirit
  • harmony w/nature
  • prevent illness w/diet, rest, & hygiene
45
Q

health concepts associated with Asians

A
  • physical & spiritual harmony w/nature
  • balance of yin & yang
46
Q

South African belief of cause of illness

A
  • supernatural
  • conflict/disharmony in life
47
Q

Methods of treatment associated w/South Africans

A
  • restore harmony thru prayer/meditation
  • herbs, roots, poultices, oils, rituals, charms, talismans, amulets
  • diet & hygiene
48
Q

Asian belief cause of illness

A
  • imbalance of yin & yang
  • supernatural forces
  • unhealthy environment
49
Q

methods of treatments associated w/asians

A
  • cold/hot remedies
  • herbal, acupuncture, acupressure
  • energy restore balance of yin & yang
  • tai chi & meditation
50
Q

health concepts associated w/Europeans

A
  • maintain w/diet, rest, & exercise
  • vaccines & preventative practices
  • good health = personal responsibility
51
Q

European belief of cause of illness

A
  • germs, pollutants, contaminants
  • punishment for sins
  • lack of cleanliness
  • self abuse
52
Q

european methods of treatment

A
  • medications & surgery
  • drugs & exercise
  • home remedies & self care
  • prayer & rituals
  • alternative treatments
53
Q

health concepts associated w/hispanics

A
  • reward from God
  • health is good luck
  • balance between hot & cold forces
54
Q

hispanic belief cause of illness

A
  • punishment from God for sins
  • imbalance between hot & cold
  • susto, mal ojo, or envida (fright, evil eye, or envy)
55
Q

hispanic methods of treatment

A
  • hot & cold remedies restore balance
  • prayers, medals. candles, rituals, herbal remedies, massage
  • anointing w/oil
  • wearing of axabache to ward off the evil eye
  • amulets
56
Q

health concepts associated w/middle eastern

A
  • caused by spiritual forces
  • good health is a great blessing
  • cleanliness essential
  • males make decisions
57
Q

middle eastern belief cause of illness

A
  • spiritual forces
  • punishment for sins
  • evil spirits/evil eye
58
Q

middle eastern methods of treatment

A
  • meditation & prayers
  • charms & amulets w/verses of Koran
  • meds, surgery, cupping, cautery
  • herbal remedies
  • prefer males don’t touch/examine females
59
Q

health concepts associated w/native americans

A
  • harmony between man & nature
  • balance of body, mind, & spirit
  • spiritual powers control body harmony
60
Q

native american belief cause of illness

A
  • supernatural forces & evil spirits
  • violation of taboo
  • imbalance of man & nature
61
Q

native americans’ method of treatment

A
  • rituals, charms, & masks
  • prayer & meditation
  • plants, herbs, medicine bag
  • sweat lodges/total immersion in water

HOSA: Human G&D (15 decks)

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