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COT 1 (WPH) > 2.4 lab - epithelia > Flashcards

2.4 lab - epithelia Flashcards

1
Q

T/F the basal end of an epithelial cell membrane is part of the basal lamina

A

false - the basal lamina is the connective tissue layer that the basal end of an epithelial cell attaches to – it is not the same as the basal cell membrane

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2
Q

what 3.5 criteria do you use to name an epithelial cell layer?

A

1) # of layers (simple, stratified, pseudostratified)
2) shape of Top Layer cells (squamous, cuboidal, columnar)
2. 5) keratinized vs non-keratinized (if squamous)
3) location of epithelium (epithelium, endothelium, mesothelium)

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3
Q

what are 2 special types of epithelia that demand a name other than “epithelium” ?

A
  • endothelium (blood vessels)

- mesothelium (serosa)

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4
Q

what are 3 modifications to the usual options for classifying epithelia? (usual = 2 kinds of layers and 3 types of shapes)

A
  • pseudostratified
  • transitioinal
  • karatinized (or non-keratinized)
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5
Q

this kind of epithelium is common in the GI system

A

simple columnar - absorptive & secretory functions

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6
Q

where are you likely to find simple columnar epithelium?

A

absorptive / secretory locations – e.g. the GI system

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7
Q

this kind of epithelium is found in areas exposed to abrasive forces

A

stratified squamous epithelia

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8
Q

where are you are likely to find stratified squamous keratinized epithelia? name an example

A

areas exposed to abrasive forces but also wet:

  • oral cavity
  • vagina
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9
Q

where are you are likely to find stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelia? name an example

A

skin

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10
Q

T/F every free or lumenal surface in the body is lined by an epithelium

A

true - this is a “golden rule” … although there are a few exceptions that you are unlikely to encounter in this class

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11
Q

blood and lymphatic vessels are always lined with what kind of epithelium

A

simple squamous ENDOthelium

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12
Q

give an example of the function of the luminal surface of endothelial cells

A

selectively grab leukocytes and transport across epithelium

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13
Q

give an example of the function of the basal surface of endothelial cells

A

initiate clotting if exposed to platelets

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14
Q

where are endothelia found

A

lining blood & lymphatic vessels

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15
Q

T/F endothelia are always simple squamous

A

true - i think

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16
Q

what are two names for …monovacuolar cells containing one large lipid droplet surrounded by a thin layer of cytoplasm with the nucleus is flattened on the periphery

A

unilocular adipocytes or white fat cells

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17
Q

the appearance of a white fat cell

A

a monovacuolar cell (unilocular adipocyte) containing one large lipid droplet surrounded by a thin layer of cytoplasm with the nucleus flattened on the periphery

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18
Q

another name for a white fat cell

A

unilocular adipocyte

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19
Q

another name for a unilocular adipocyte

A

white fat cell

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20
Q

this cell type is polygonal in shape with considerable cytoplasm and lipid droplets scattered throughout with a high concentration of mitochondria. eccentrically located nucleus but not squished on periphery

A

multilocular adipocytes or brown fat cells

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21
Q

the appearance of a brown fat cell

A

polygonal in shape with considerable cytoplasm and lipid droplets scattered throughout with a high concentration of mitochondria. eccentrically located nucleus but not squished on periphery

22
Q

the appearance of a multilocular adipocyte

A

polygonal in shape with considerable cytoplasm and lipid droplets scattered throughout with a high concentration of mitochondria. eccentrically located nucleus but not squished on periphery

23
Q

another name for brown fat cell

A

multilocular adipocyte

24
Q

another name for multilocular adipocyte

A

brown fat cell

25
Q

how can you tell apart a white fat cell and a similarly sized blood vessel?

A

blood vessel will likely display:

  • multiple endothelial nuclei - fat cell will only have one
  • a basal membrane (deeper staining adjacent connective tissue)
  • a more round appearance
26
Q

T/F all simple squamous epithelia endothelia

A

false - mesothelium are also simple squamous

27
Q

where can mesothelia be found

A

lining inner and outer surfaces of 3 spaces:

  • gut (peritoneal cavity / peritoneum)
  • heart (pericardial cavity / pericardium)
  • lungs (pleural cavity / pleura)
28
Q

what is the mesentery

A

a connective tissue structure suspending the jejunum and ileum in the peritoneal cavity

29
Q

what is the omentum

A

a connective tissue structure suspending the duodenum in the peritoneal cavity

30
Q

T/F you will never have a mesothelium adjacent to a lumen

A

true - mesothelium is always an outer, serosal, layer

31
Q

does mesothelium outline the mesentery or only the circumferential layers of the small intestine?

A

mesothelium outlines the mesentery too

32
Q

what do tangential sections of squamous cells look like?

A

pancakes with blueberry nuclei

33
Q

what is the form and function of epithelial cells in the gallbladder

A
  • form: simple cuboidal epithelium

- function: absorb water from the bile

34
Q

on EM, the junctional complex is called…

A

the junctional complex

35
Q

on LM, the junctional complex is called…

A

the terminal bar

36
Q

how to tell gallbladder epithelium from intestinal epithelium

A
  • gallbladder has only one type-simple columnar

- intestines may have a different type or multiple types

37
Q

inclusions in simple columnar epithelial cells of the gallbladder may consist of…

A

absorbed material (water)

38
Q

what do microvilli look like on LM?

A

a dark, sometimes fuzzy line at apical epithelia (only about 1 micron in length and barely resolvable by LM)

39
Q

transverse section of apical end of simple columnar cells will appear…

A

more cuboidal and anucleated

40
Q

transverse section of basal end of simple columnar cells will appear…

A

more cuboidal and nucleated

41
Q

the epithelium of the duodenum consists of…

A

simple columnar epithelium composed of

  • enterocytes (absorptive)
  • goblet cells (secretory)
42
Q

“entero” signifies __

A

intestine

“enterocyte” = intestinal cell

43
Q

the most apical layer of this epithelial type is composed not of intact cells but of densely packed sheets of proteins

A

stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

44
Q

this type of epithelium should always be further classified as keratinized or nonkeratinized

A

stratified squamous epithelium

45
Q

the epithelium of the rectum is…

A

simple columnar epithelium composed primarily of goblet cells

46
Q

between the small intestine and the rectum, which epithelia is primarily enterocytes and which is primarily goblet cells?

A

small intestine - enterocytes with some goblet

rectum - goblet with some enterocytes

47
Q

the epithelium of the anal canal is…

A

stratified squamous nonkeratinized SSNK

48
Q

how can you tell SSNK from SSK?

A

SSNK - nuclei exist in adluminal cells

SSK - no nuclei in adluminal layer

49
Q

the epithelium of the perianal skin is…

A

stratified squamous keratinized SSK

50
Q

T/F any dry skin in the adult is expected to be keratinized

A

true

51
Q

what is the name for the point of transition from simple columnar epithelium in the rectum to stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium in the anal canal?

A

the pectinate line

52
Q

what is the pectinate line

A

the point of transition from simple columnar epithelium in the rectum to stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium in the anal canal

COT 1 (WPH) (25 decks)

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