Approaches in Psychology - The Cognitive Approach

Question 1

Schema

Answer 1

Expectation of the thing that will happen

Question 2

How do cognitive psychologists study mental processes indirectly?

Answer 2

By making inferences about what it going on inside people’s heads

Question 3

What does the cognitive approach believe about how internal mental processes can be investigated?

Answer 3

That internal mental processes can be investigated using scientific methods and principles

Question 4

What do cognitive psychologists claim our mental processes are affected by?

Answer 4

Schema that we have formed through experiences

Question 5

What do cognitive psychologists use to explain how our mind works?

Answer 5

Theoretical models of memory

Question 6

What does schema help us to do?

Answer 6

Predict what will happen in the world based on past experience

Question 7

How can we process information using schemas?

Answer 7

We can process a lot of information quickly

Question 8

What do schema do with experience?

Answer 8

They develop and evolve to become more detailed and sophisticated

Question 9

What can schema lead to?

Answer 9

Faulty conclusions - big issue regarding EWT as scheme could override what individuals actually saw take place

Question 10

What do schema cause us to exclude?

Answer 10

Exclude important information to instead focus on things that confirm our pre-existing ideas

Question 11

What can we develop with schema?

Answer 11

Stereotypes that are difficult to confirm

Question 12

What are inferences?

Answer 12

Assumptions

Question 13

Why do we have to make assumptions about mental processes?

Answer 13

Because we will never be able to see what anyone is actually thinking

Question 14

Cognitive psychology

Answer 14

The scientific study of the mind as a computer

Question 15

What do cognitive psychologists try to build up?

Answer 15

Cognitive models of the information processing that goes on inside people’s minds

Question 16

What can models be used to provide?

Answer 16

Testable theories about mental processing

Question 17

What does the Computer model state?

Answer 17

Mind is like a computer

Question 18

Theoretical model

Answer 18

Diagrams that represent steps involved in mental processing

Question 19

What are cognitive processes examples of?

Answer 19

Theoretical models

Question 20

What did the cognitive approach provide a basis for?

Answer 20

The development of cognitive neuroscience

Question 21

What has stemmed from the cognitive approach?

Answer 21

The use of scanning equipment

Question 22

What have neuroimaging techniques helped us to study?

Answer 22

The influence of brain structures and mental processes

Question 23

What does use of scanning/imaging techniques lead to?

Answer 23

Treatment of many different areas of the brain

Question 24

What does the use of scanning/imaging techniques allow psychologists to study?

Answer 24

Mental processing of patients with depression, ocd, autism or dyslexia

Question 25

What can the use imaging techniques help psychologists observe?

Answer 25

The effects of strokes on the brain

Question 26

What does the use of computer simulations allow?

Answer 26

Theories to he tested or hypothesises about mental processes to be made