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Pharma > Week 7 Respiratory Medications > Flashcards

Week 7 Respiratory Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Antihistamines examples

A

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Loratadine (Claritin)

Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Fexofenadine (Allegra) PO

Azelastine (Intranasal antihistamine)

Ranitidine (Zantac)
Famotidine (Pepcid)

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2
Q

antihistamine MOA

A

Selectively block the effects of histamine at the histamine-1 receptor sites, decreasing the allergic response

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3
Q

Indication:
of antihistamines

A

Benadryl: Allergies, symptoms of histamine release, motion sickness, insomnia.
All other meds: Seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis

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4
Q

SEAE of antihistamines

A

Drowsiness and sedation, Anticholinergic effects –
-drying urinary blockage, constipation dry mucousa

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5
Q

antihistamines interactions

A

Alcohol, CNS depressants medication wise
Street drugs
=over sedative effect

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6
Q

antihistamines NSG Imp

A

Nursing Implications:
Properties include: Antihistaminic, Anticholinergic, & Sedative effects.

Avoid driving alcohol and other CNS depressants
Report excess sedation and confusion

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7
Q

Ranitidine (Zantac)
Famotidine (Pepcid)
indication

A

angioedema and reflex GI

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8
Q

Oral decongestant ex

A

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

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9
Q

oral decongestant pseudoephedrine MOA and indication

A

MOA:
Shrink the nasal mucous membrane by stimulating the alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucous membranes

Indication: drains sinuses, improving air flow

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10
Q

oral decongestant pseudoephedrine SEAE

A

dizzy/headache, palpitations,
Rebound congestion-
If taken longer than 3-5 days the body gets used to the drug and congestion worsens
used long term

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11
Q

pseduephedrine contraindications

A

Very drying
-can be used to make meth
-hypertension, coronary artery disease, high exitability can cause palpitations that burden the heart

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12
Q

Nsg implications of pseudoephedrine

A

ID for pharmacy
Avoid caffeine or any stimulant products
Report fever and cough lasting longer than 1 week!!!!

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13
Q

Topical Nasal Decongestants

A

Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
Phenylephrine (Coricidin)

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14
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
Phenylephrine (Coricidin)
indication

A

Indication:
Relieve the discomfort of nasal congestion that accompanies the common cold,
sinusitis,
allergic rhinitis

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15
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
Phenylephrine (Coricidin)
SE AE

A

Vasoconstriction, Rebound congestion, Epistaxis, CNS Stimulation

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16
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
Phenylephrine (Coricidin)
contraindications

A

: lesions in the mucous membranes
Coronary artery disease
Hypertension
Cerebral artery disease
Blood flow issue
Any dysrhythmias
CNS stimulation like the Sudafed can cause agitation, nervousness, uneasiness
Potential interactions be aware!

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17
Q

oxymetazoline and phenylephrine nsg implications

A

Heart disease
rebound congestion

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18
Q

Topical Nasal Steroid* decongestants examples

A

Budesonide (Rhinocort)
fluticasone (Flonase),
triamcinolone (Nasacort),
ipratropium (Arovent)

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19
Q

Topical nasal steroid decongestants indications

A

Seasonal allergic rhinitis

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20
Q

SE AE ot topical nasal steroid decongestants?

A

nose irritation, burning, drying mucous membranes
headache

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21
Q

contra of topical nasal steroids decongestants

A

: Glaucoma, hypertension, BPH, acute infection, DM

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21
Q

topical nasal steroids decongestants pt edu

A

late onset

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22
Q

Antitussives examples

A

Benzonatate
Dextromethorphan (Robitussin)
Robitussin AC
-Codeine reduces cough

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23
Q

antitussive indication

A

Control nonproductive cough

24
Q

antitussive SE AE

A

Drys mucous membranes

Non-opioid: CNS adverse effects-dizziness, lightheadedness, drowsiness.

Opioids:
GI upset N/V constipation dizziness and drowsy
Respiratory depression

25
Q

contraindications of antitussives

A

alcoholics,
respiratory depression,
history of narcotic addiction (if on codeine)

26
Q

antitussive pt edu

A

: avoid
Driving, drinking alcohol,
stool softener with codeine Plenty of water

27
Q

Expectorants

A

Guaifenesin Mucinex

28
Q

Guaifenesin Mucinex indication

A

non-productive cough when mucus or mucus plugs are present

29
Q

Guaifenesin SE AE Nsg imp

A

SE/AE: GI symptoms, Dizziness, drowsiness

Nursing Implications: Pt ed: Increase fluid intake to 2L
Report symptoms lasting longer than 1 week.

30
Q

Herbal treatment and indication

A

Echinacea
boosts immune system
Indication: reduces symptoms of common cold

31
Q

echinacea

A

: GI upset, dizziness, headache

32
Q

Mucolytic ex

A

Acetylcysteine

33
Q

acetylcysteine indication

A

Indication:
* Pts with acute and chronic pulmonary disorders exacerbated by large amts of secretions
* cystic fibrosis
* -treats acetaminophen toxicity

34
Q

acetylcysteine SE AE

A

Bronchospasm and aspiration,
Dizziness, drowsiness,
Hypotension, tachycardia

35
Q

contraindication of acetylcysteine

A

Contraindication:
Acute bronchospasms

36
Q

nsg implications of acetylcysteine

A

Nursing Implications:
Smells like rotten eggs
Administered by inhalation
Can be administered orally or by IV for tyelenol OD

37
Q

Anticholinergic examples

A

Ipratropium
Tiotropium

38
Q

Ipratropium
Tiotropium
anticholinergic indications

A

bronchoconstriction is prevented, airways dilate

Indication: COPD, chronic bronchitis or emphysema bronchospasms

39
Q

anticholinergic SE AE

A

Dizziness, headache, fatigue,
nervousness, palpitations, and
urinary retention,
anticholinergic effects most common:
Most common is dry mouth and sore throat

40
Q

anitcholinergic contraindicated by

A

Glaucoma

41
Q

what should nurse assess for pt on anticholinergic

A

Assess- P, BP, R, urinary output

42
Q

anticholinergic pt edu

A

Rinse mouth after use
Do not swallow capsules they go in the inhaler

43
Q

methylxanthine

A

Theophylline

44
Q

theophylline Indication

A

bronchodilation for COPD,
chronic bronchitis,
emphysema,
asthma

45
Q

Theophylline SE AE

A

CNS stimulation (seizures, irritability),
Cardiovascular stimulation -increases force of contractions
tachycardia
Hypotension, arrythmias
Increased blood flow to the kidney = diuretics

46
Q

Theophylline interactions

A

Interaction:

Caffeine cipro fluoroquinolones
nicotine
-increases the drug metabolism
Food: charcoal-broiled, high-protein, low carb foods

47
Q

Theophylline contraindications

A

Contraindication: GI problems, coronary disease, respiratory dysfunction, renal or hepatic disease, alcoholism, or hyperthyroidism

48
Q

theophylline contraindications

A

Due to multiple AE its not often used
Must monitor for therapeutic range
5-15mcg/mL

49
Q

Corticosteroids
(nonbronchodilating)
examples

A

Systemic corticosteroid:
Prednisone (PO)
Methylprednisolone (IV)

Inhaled steroids:
Beclomethasone
Budesonide (Pulmicort)
Fluticasone (Flovent)

50
Q

nonbrochodilating corticosteroids

A

PO-short term burst for asthma flare up,
long-term for chronic/severe asthma/COPD.
Promote lung maturity in fetuses.
Will not abort asthma attack,
it will just decrease inflammation and prevent an asthma attack within a short time frame.

51
Q

nonbrochodilating corticosteroids SE AE

A

SE/AE: PO-Suppression of adrenal gland function,
Hyperglycemia,
Infection Inhaled: coughing, dry mouth,
Oral fungal infections

52
Q

nonbrochodilating corticosteroids interactions contra

A

Interactions: NSAID’s

Caution: diabetic patients

53
Q

Corticosteroid nonbrocho nsg implications

A

Decrease their risk of infection
Monitor blood glucose
Checking insulin adjustments
Must be weaned off med

54
Q

ALL inhalers

A

All Inhalers:
* Shake inhaler before use, put mouthpiece in mouth and close lips around it, push down on canister and inhale at the same time, hold breath for 5-10 sec. (after releasing med) Repeat per directions
* Use of spacer if needed: put mouthpiece in spacer (after shaking) put spacer in mouth, Push canister then inhale
* If 2 inhaled meds prescribed wait at least 5 min between meds
* Clean after use. At least weekly

55
Q

corticosteroid inhaler

A

Corticosteroid inhaler:
Swish gargle and spit the water after each use
Reduces the risk of thrush

Do the albuterol first and then the steroid to promote bronchodilation in and get in more med

56
Q

TE of inhaler

A
  • Monitor for therapeutic effects:

-decreased dyspnea
Decreased wheezing, restlessness, anxiety
Improved resp patterns
Normal rate quality depth
Improved activity tolerance
Decreased symptoms
Better ease of breathing

57
Q

other nonbrocho meds Leukotriene receptor atagonist

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist:
Montelukast
Zarfirlukast

-lukast
sto leukotrine from triggering constriction

58
Q

Luekotrine receptor agoanist SEAE and nsg

A

SE/AE: Headache, nausea, diarrhea

Nursing Implications:

-longer term, taken daily
-will not work for acute asthma attacks
Can take a week for improvement to be seen
Take med daily

Pharma (12 decks)

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