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Terminology > Chapter 7 - Urinary > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

urinary system purpose

A

removal of waste by filtering blood

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2
Q

urea

A

major waste product of protein

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3
Q

homeostasis

A

internal equilibrium

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4
Q

home/o

A

unchanging

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5
Q

urin/o or ur/o

A

pertaining to urinary organs

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6
Q

retroperitoneally

A

located outside the peritoneal cavity

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7
Q

kidneys

A

retroperitoneal, one on each side of vertebral column below diaphragm

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8
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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9
Q

ren/o

A

used as an adjective for kidneys

(ie. renal disease)

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10
Q

cortex

A

outer layer of kidney

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11
Q

cortic/o

A

outer region

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12
Q

medulla

A

inner layer of kidney

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13
Q

medull/o

A

inner portion

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14
Q

nephron

A

functional unit of kidney

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15
Q

glomerulus

A

cluster of capillaries that filter blood in nephron

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16
Q

bowman’s capsule

A

cup-shaped structure that holds glomerulus in nephron

bowman’s + glomerulus = renal corpuscle

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17
Q

glumerol/o

A

to wind into a ball

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18
Q

proximal convoluted tubules

A

hollow tubes between bowman’s capsule and loops of henle, involved in reabsorption

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19
Q

loop of henle

A

U shaped turn in convoluted tubule of kidney, reabsorption

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20
Q

distal convoluted tubules

A

hollow tubes between loops of henle and collecting tubules, secretion

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21
Q

collecting tubules

A

hollow tubes that carry urine from cortex to renal pelvis

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22
Q

renal pelvis

A

area in kidney where nephrons collect urine before entering ureters

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23
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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24
Q

calcyes

A

where renal pelvis collects urine from (irregular cuplike spaces)

calyx = singular

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25
Q

convulted

A

rolled/coiled

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26
Q

hilus

A

point of attachment or depression

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27
Q

voiding, micturition

A

other terms for elimination

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28
Q

urinary bladder

A

singe, hollow muscular organ that holds urine

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29
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder

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30
Q

ureters

A

pair of narrow tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder

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31
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

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32
Q

trigone

A

triangular portion at base of bladder where ureters enter

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33
Q

urethra

A

tube extending from bladder to outside body

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34
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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35
Q

urethral meatus

A

external opening of urethra

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36
Q

meat/o

A

opening

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37
Q

urine

A

end product of renal filtration

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38
Q

uropoiesis

A

process of urine production

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39
Q

-poiesis

A

formation

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40
Q

-chrome

A

colour

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41
Q

turbid

A

cloudy

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42
Q

erythropoietin

A

hormone made by kidney that stimulates RBC production in marrow

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43
Q

antidiuretic (ADH)

A

hormone released by pituitary that suppresses urine by reabsorbing more water

44
Q

aldosterone

A

hormone release by adrenals that regulates electrolyte balance by reabsorbing sodium

45
Q

cystocentesis

A

puncture of bladder to collect urine

46
Q

cystography

A

radiographic study of bladder after contrast material is placed in bladder via catheter

47
Q

cystogram

A

radiographic film of bladder after contrast material has been placed

48
Q

cytoscopy

A

visual examination of bladder using fiberoptic instrument (cytoscope)

49
Q

intravenous pyelogram

A

radiographic study of kidney and ureters, dye injected into vein to define structures clearly

50
Q

pneumocystography

A

radiographic study of bladder after air has been placed via catheter

51
Q

scout film

A

plain X-ray done without use of contrast material

52
Q

retrograde pyelogram

A

radiographic study of kidney and ureters, contrast material placed directly in bladder

53
Q

urinalysis

A

examination of urine components

54
Q

urinary catheterization

A

insertion of tube through urethra into bladder

55
Q

albuminuria

A

presence of major blood protein in urine

56
Q

anuria

A

complete suppression of urine production

57
Q

bacteruria

A

presence of bacteria in urine

58
Q

crystalluria

A

urine with crystals

59
Q

dysuria

A

difficult or painful urination

60
Q

glucosuria/glycosuria

A

glucose in urine

61
Q

hematuria

A

blood in urine

62
Q

ketonuria

A

presence of ketones (from increased fat metabolism, less carbohydrate metabolism) in urines

63
Q

nocturia

A

excessive urination at night

64
Q

oliguria

A

scant urine

65
Q

pollakiuria

A

frequent urination (many times)

66
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination (amount)

67
Q

proteinuria

A

protein in urine

68
Q

pyuria

A

pus in urine

69
Q

stranguria

A

slow or painful urination

70
Q

azotemia

A

urea/other nitrogenous elements in blood

azot/o = urea/nitrogen

71
Q

calculus

A

abnormal mineral deposit

-lith = stone/calculus

72
Q

casts

A

fibrous/protein material in urine with renal disease

73
Q

cystalgia/dynia

A

bladder pain

74
Q

cystitis

A

bladder inflammation

75
Q

cystocele

A

displacement of bladder through vaginal wall

76
Q

epispadias

A

urethra opens on dorsum of penis

77
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

kidney inflammation involving glomeruli

78
Q

hydronephrosis

A

dilation of renal pelvis from obstructed urine flow

79
Q

hydroureter

A

distension of ureter with urine from blockage

80
Q

hypospadias

A

urethra opens on ventral surface of penis

81
Q

interstitial cystitis

A

inflammation within bladder wall

82
Q

-lithiasis

A

presence of stones

83
Q

nephrectasis

A

distension of kidneys

-ectasis = distension/stretching

84
Q

nephrolith

A

kidney stone

85
Q

nephrosclerosis

A

kidney hardening

86
Q

-ptosis

A

drooping

87
Q

prolapse

A

downward displacement of organ

88
Q

nephroptosis

A

prolapsed kidney

89
Q

pyelitis

A

renal pelvis inflammation

90
Q

pyelonephritis

A

renal pelvis + kidney inflammation

91
Q

diuresis

A

elevated excretion of urine

92
Q

diuretics

A

drugs that increase urine production

93
Q

renal infarction

A

obstruction of blood flow to kidneys

94
Q

uremia

A

waste products in blood

95
Q

ureterectasis

A

distension of ureter

96
Q

urethritis

A

urethra inflammation

97
Q

urethrostenosis

A

stricture (band of tissue narrowing a passage) of urethra

98
Q

uro/cystolith

A

bladder stone

99
Q

cystectomy

A

removal of bladder

100
Q

cystopexy

A

fixing bladder to abdominal wall

101
Q

cystoplasty

A

repairing bladder

102
Q

cystostomy

A

opening between skin and bladder

103
Q

cystotomy

A

incision in bladder

104
Q

dialysis

A

removal of blood waste when kidneys aren’t functioning

(peritonial [through peritoneal fluid] or hemo [machine filtering blood])

105
Q

lithotripsy

A

destruction of stone

-tripsy = crush

106
Q

perineal urethrostomy

A

permanent opening between urethra and skin between anus and scrotum

Terminology (22 decks)

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