12.1

Question 1

Natural Selection

Answer 1

A process of evolution where those who are selected for (get a mutation that helps the organism adapt) survive and produce offspring over those who are not, filtering out those who are not

Question 2

Genetic Drift

Answer 2

A process of evolution that is random

Question 3

Variation

Answer 3

The difference of genes between individuals

Question 4

Fitness

Answer 4

Amount of fertile offspring/descendants an organism has

Question 5

Differential reproduction

Answer 5

The thought that some individuals can produce offspring and some can’t because they can’t find a mate.

Question 6

Adaptation

Answer 6

When an individual changes based on their environment

Question 7

Five fingers of evolution

Answer 7

Pinky = small population
- Changes mostly from genetic drift/randomness

Ring = non-random mating
- Differential reproduction

Middle = mutations
- Adds a new gene to gene pool

Index = gene flow
- Immigration/emigration

Thumb = natural selection
- Adaptation

Question 8

Natural selection vs. genetic drift

Answer 8

Natural selection
- Not random
- Much more prevalent in larger population

Genetic drift
- Random
- Much more prevalent in small population