122: Pancreas and Billiary function.

Question 1

what do acinar cells produce

Answer 1

chloride rich fluid,amylase, lipase, colipase, tripsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidases.

Question 2

what do ductal cells produce?

Answer 2

bicarbonate to neutralise gastric acid

Question 3

alpha cells of islets of langerhans produce

Answer 3

glucagon

Question 4

beta cells of the islets of langerhans produce?

Answer 4

insulin

Question 5

delta cells of the islet of langerhans produce?

Answer 5

somatostatin ( decreases enzyme response to CCK)

Question 6

PP cells produce?

Answer 6

pancreatic polypeptide.

Question 7

what stimulates acinar cells?

Answer 7

Ach and CCK

Question 8

what is Mirrizzi’s syndrome?

Answer 8

what a gallstone becomes impacted.

Question 9

what is MRCP?

Answer 9

magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography

Question 10

what is ERCP?

Answer 10

endoscopic retrograde choliangio-pancreatography

Question 11

what is PTC?

Answer 11

percutaneous transhepatic choliangiogram.

Question 12

what is HIDA?

Answer 12

hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan.

Question 13

Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 13

fat absorption problems ( steatorrhea), endocrine function fails later causing diabetes

Question 14

what is the double duct sign?

Answer 14

both the pancreatic and common bile duct are dilated indicating a blockage of the ampulla of vata

?pancreatic tumour

Question 15

what is cholelithasis?

Answer 15

gall stone disease

Question 16

what is cholecystitis?

Answer 16

inflammation of the gall bladder. acute causes fever, raised white cell count. chronic thickens the gall bladder wall.

Question 17

what causes gall stone formation?

Answer 17

high cholesterol and low bile salts (think Crohn’s and surgical resection - they cause bile salt depletion)

Question 18

black stones contain…

Answer 18

bilirubin.

Question 19

which condition affects the lungs and pancreas?

Answer 19

cystic fibrosis. Too much Na in cells..thickened secretions.