Triage + Stabilisation Flashcards
What is triage?
sort cases into order of priority / recognise genuinely sick patients
What does ABCD stand for? if there is a problem with these what do we do?
Alert
Breathing
Circulation
Damage
If there is a problem - treat immediately
What are the major body systems?
CV
Respiratory
Neurological
What to check for with CV system?
HR
Rhythm
Pulse quality + rate
MM colour + CRT
Auscultation
What to check for with resp system?
RR + effort
Pattern
Noise
Auscultation
What to check for with neuro system?
Check CNS for basic signs
What do you do if a patient struggles to breath?
reduce stress, give o2 consider sedation
What to do with airway obstruction?
GA, remove ASAP
What to do with upper airway problems?
noise on inspiration
reduce swelling and stress + cool
What to do with lower airway problems?
Hard to expirate
Treat
What to do with pleural space problems?
remove obstruction to inflation
Surgery?
What can CV problems lead to?
poor perfusion => Shock => Hypoxia => Death
What are the 4 types of shock?
Cardiogenic - primary cardiac causes
Hypovolaemic - decreased blood/fluid
Obstructive - impeded venous return
Distributive - Abnormal vasomotor tone
How to treat the different type of shocks?
Cardiogenic = treat dysarrythimias, +ve inotrope
Hypovolaemic = external - pressure on wound
internal - find source, fluids to stabilise
Isotonic crystalloid boluses - given as 10ml/kg bolus every 10 mins
Obstructive = remove obstruction - causes = pericardial effusion/ tension
pneumothorax
Distributive = reduced vessel size + increase volume.
How to treat neuro problems?
Seizures = treat with meds
Head trauma = fluid, analgesia, support head
