Cervical & Spinal Pathologies Flashcards
Whiplash
Neck injury dur to forceful/rapid back/forth movement of the neck.
Most often during auto accidents, sports, physical abuse, trauma.
Orthoses: soft collars
Stenosis (Cervical Spine)
Narrowing of spine/open spaces puts pressure on the spinal cord & nerves that travel through the spine.
Orthoses: Philadelphia collar, Miami J collar, Aspen collar
Degenerative Disc Disease
Changes in the spinal discs due to aging. Loss of fluid in discs, lose the ability & narrows distance between the vertebrae.
Orthoses: Philadelphia collar, Miami J collar, Aspen collar
Osteoporosis
Bones become weak and brittle.
Mild stress or falls can cause fractures.
Orthoses: Chairback LSO, rigid posterior TLSO, Rigid anterior TLSO
Degenerative Joint Disease
Osteoarthritis of the facet joints of the spine, occurs as people age.
Orthoses: Soft Taylor TLSO, Contemporary LSO, Chairback LSO, Knight Brace
Stenosis (Thoracic/Lumbar Spine)
Narrowing of the open spaces within the spine, can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves that run down the spine.
Orthoses: Soft LSO, Soft Taylor TLSO, Rigid Anterior TLSO
Low Back Pain
Irritation or problem with the structures of the lumbar region of the spine.
Muscle or ligament sprain is the most common cause of acute LBP.
Orthoses: Soft LSO, soft Taylor LSO, Contemporary LSO, Chairback LSO, rigid anterior TLSO, knight brace
Herniated Disc
Slipped or ruptured disk: when soft center pushes out through a crack in the tough exterior
Most occur in lumbar spine.
Orthoses: Soft LSO, Contemporary LSO, Rigid Anterior TLSO
Laminectomy Syndrome
“Failed back syndrome”
Continuous back pain after certain back surgeries.
Orthoses: Contemporary LSO, Chairback LSO, Rigid Posterior TLSO, Rigid Anterior TLSO, Knight Brace, Knight-Taylor Brace
Anterior Compression Fracture
Caused by sports, falls, auto accidents.
Non-traumatic: Osteoporosis, tumors, other underlying conditions
Anterior portion of vertebra breaks / loses height while posterior does not.
Orthoses: Rigid posterior TLSO, CASH orthosis, Jewett Orthosis, Rigid anterior TLSO, Williams Flexion brace
Spondylolysis
Defect in portion of the spine
Pars interarticularis
If fracture gap at pars widens, the vertebra shifts forward the condition is called spondylolisthesis
Geriatric Kyphosis
Exaggerated rounding of the back forward (most common in older women
Vertebra in upper back become more wedge shaped due to aging.
Orthoses: CASH hyperextension orthosis, Jewett hyperextension
Anklyosing Spondylitis
Long-term disease-causing inflammation between spinal bones and joints between spine & pelvis. Eventually spinal bones will join together.
Orthoses: Rigid posterior/anterior TLSO, CASH Hyperextension orthosis, Jewett hyperextension
