clin path 8

Question 1

main causes of neutrophilia

Answer 1

stress-cortisol-mediated)
excitement or physiologic (epinephrine-mediated)
inflammation

Question 2

stress neutrophilia

Answer 2

storage pool release
marginal to circulating

Question 3

stress neutrophilia cbc and chem

Answer 3

hours to days to develop
mild neutrophilia (<2x URL)
no left shift
lymphopenia (best support)
hyperglycemia (related to cortisol effects on insulin, glycogen, lipolysis
increased ALP activity (dog

Question 4

excitment/physiologic neutrophilia

Answer 4

marginal to circulating
splenic contraction
increase heart rate
increase stroke volume
increased cardia output

Question 5

excitement/physiologic neutrophil cbc and chem

Answer 5

immediate to about 30 minutes
mild neutrophilia (< 2x URL)
no left shift
mild lymphocytosis (different)
erythrocytosis (splenic contraction)
thromobocytosis (splenic contraction)
hyperglycemia (related to epinephrine effects)

Question 6

inflammatory neutrophilia

Answer 6

maturation and storage release
recruit marginal pool
hyperplasia

Question 7

inflammatory neutrophilia cbc and chem findings

Answer 7

neutrophil count >2x URL
concurrent left shift (different)
neutrophil toxic change
neutrophilia <2x URL without another obvious cause
concurrent lymphocytosis suggests chronic inflammation
Monocytosis (especially if lymphocyte count is normal or increased)
hyperfibrinogenemia with decreased PP:fibrinogen (large animal)
hyperglobulinemia
hypoalbuminemia
glucose

Question 8

leukemoid repsonse

Answer 8

neutrophil numbers > 50,000/ul
subtype of chronic inflammation

Question 9

causes of leukemoid reponse

Answer 9

IMHA with resulting tissue necrosis
the 6 P’s
neoplasia with necrotic portions of the tumor

Question 10

the 6 p’s

Answer 10

pyometra, pyothorax, peritonitis, pyelonephritis, pneumonia, paraneoplastic

Question 11

inflammation without neutrophilia

Answer 11

normal neutrophil numbers and a left shift
normal neutrophil numbers and a neutrophil toxic change

Question 12

inflammatory neutropenia pathogenesis

Answer 12

utilization>production

Question 13

inflammatory neutropenia conditions

Answer 13

severe infection/sepsis
acute inflammation (ruminants)

Question 14

inflammatory neutropenia hematologic support-CBC and chemistry

Answer 14

left shift
toxic neutrophils
other lineages (RBC platelets unaffected)
lymphopenia
hypogylcemia

Question 15

Decreased production neutropenia

Answer 15

myelosppressive agents/toxin
virus
bacteria
drugs
toxins
idiopathic
myelophthisis
myelitis
leukemia
myelofibrosis

Question 16

decreased production neutropenia cbc

Answer 16

decrease in other lineages
presence of many immature blast cells supporting acute leukemia
identifiable infectious agent