Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DWT Exam 2 > Parasitology 5: Nematodes 4 > Flashcards

Parasitology 5: Nematodes 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Ascaridida is part of which phylum?

A

Nematoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a basic way to describe Ascaridida?

A

Big

Robust

GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ascaridida name that is used in clinic?

A

ROUND worms

-large, stout-bodied
-bigger than most other nematodes
-highly successful parasites in all vertebrate classes
-Ascaridids in domestic animals have DIRECT life cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ascarids look like what food?

A

Spaghetti

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What life cycle do Ascarids have?

A

DIRECT life cycle (definitive host)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What part of the small intestine do Ascarids live?

A

Lumen

-5-40cm
-they feed on lumen contents, host fluids
-do NOT attach
-Female prolific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How would describe Ascarids eggs?

A

Thick wall

ONE cell

Round

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the life cycle of Ascarids?

A

Eggs pass through feces
-unembryonated, thick shell
-highly resistant to environmental conditions
-disinfectants largely ineffective, may survive years

Development to infective stage (egg with L3): 2-4 weeks

Egg is NOT infective until it is fully EMBRYONATED

The infective larva does NOT hatch until eggs swallowed by a host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Infective stage of Ascarids?

A

Embryonic egg

(NOT L3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do diagnosis Ascarids?

A

Eggs in feces

Patent infections not usually hard to detect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the patent infection in Ascarids?

A

young foals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is the Ascarids life complicated?

A

Some species go straight to the intestine after ingestation by host and developto adults

Some, including important mammalian species, have larval migratory phase in definitive host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the equine Ascarids - life cycle
parascaris equorum and parascaris univalens

A

Eggs passed in manure

Larvae hatch in intestine, penetrate wall

Hepatotracheal migration
-carried to LIVER in blood
-enter hepatic portal system
-reach lungs about 1 week PI
-coughed up and swallowed
-return to small intestine

PPP about 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical importance of Parascaris Ascrids in Equine?

A

Common in young horses

low worm burden may be subclinical

Adults in small intestine
-competition with host nutrients
-poor condition, rough hair coat, pot belly
-very heavy infection can lead to perforation or impaction

Larvae in lungs (heavy infection)
-mechanical and inflammatory damage
-nasal discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Do adult horses transfer Ascarids to young horses?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is seen in all animals with Ascarids infection?

A

Distended bellies

17
Q

Parascaris summary the equine ascarids?
patent?
difference from strongylid nematodes?

A

Patent infections occur in foals and young horses (<2-3 years)

Immunity develops, adults rarely have patent infections

Adults don’t play a role in parasite transmission

Different from strongylid nematodes, where even adults animals have some worms in GI tract

18
Q

Ascarids in small animals names?

A

Toxcara found in small animals SI worldwide

Dogs: T. canis
Cats: T. cati

They are also other genus of Ascarids in small animals
Toxascaris leonina

19
Q

What is the life cycle of Toxocara canis?

A

-Eggs passed in feces of infected animals
-Take at least 3-4 weeks in environment to become infective
-Can survive long periods if protected from desiccation

MORE COMPLEX than parascaris

Adult t.canis in SI
–>eggs contaminating one cell in feces
–> eggs containing infective larvae in soil
–>with somatic or hepatotracheal migrations

Somatic:
Infective larvae, arrested in tissues of bitch-> larvae in lungs of pups (enters in utero during last 3 weeks of pregnancy)-> Pups born, larvae mature, patent at 3 weeks post-partum OR Larvae shed in milk, ingested by pups

20
Q

What is the summary of the life cycle of Toxocara canis?

A
21
Q

What is a good summary of Hepatotracheal migration and Somatic migration?

A
22
Q

What is Hepatotracheal migration probability with toxocara canis?

A

High at birth, decreses after 2 motns (PP:4-5 weeks)

23
Q

What is the difference between equine and dogs Ascarids life cycle?

A

Horses do NOT go through Somatic migration

24
Q

What are the transmission of Toxocara canis life cycle?

A

Ingestion of infective eggs

Transplacental

Transmammary infection

Paratenic hosts

25
Q

What is the clinical importance of Toxocara canis?

A

Most clinical signs seen in puppies

Low burdensL no or few signs

Moderate to heavy burdens
-diarrhea/constipation
-colic and pot belly
-vomiting (worms can be seen)
-poor hair coat
-intestinal obstruction
-pneumonia

26
Q

How do you diagnosis Toxocara Canis?

A

Patent infections

–Fecal exam

Somatic reservoir (Can be dormant phase resurfacing)

27
Q

What are the big 3 canine nematodes?

A

Hookworms

Roundworms

Whipworms

28
Q

Toxocara Cati is different that Toxocara canis life cycle how?

A

Transmammary transmission occurs but NO transplacental

Somatic reservoir appears to be less important

Longer PPP

29
Q

Toxocara Public health importance

A

Larvae can migrate in humans as in other vertebrates

Most infections asympotomatic

Clinical diseases syndromes
-OCULAR larva migrans: in the eye
-visceral larva migrans: larva anywhere

30
Q

What other species may be expected with Adcaridida?

A

Pigs (zoonotic): ascaris suum
Racoons (zoonotic): Baylisascaris procyonis
Humans: Ascaris lumbricoides
Cattle: toxocara vitulorum
Poultry and other birds, reptiles, fish

DWT Exam 2 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions