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Biology Honors > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of biology?

A

The study of living things

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2
Q

How do you know if something is alive?

A

1) It uses energy (made of cells)

2) Reproduces (passes DNA on)

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3
Q

What are the levels of biological organization?

A

1) Atoms
2) Molecules
3) Organelles (Mitochondria, golgi…)
4) Cells (Cardiac cell)
5) Tissue (Heart tissue)
6) Organ (Heart)
7) Organ system (Cardiovascular system)
8) Organism
9) Population (Organisms of SAME species)
10) Community(Different organisms living together)
11) Ecosystem (Living & non-living components)
12) Biomes (Prarie, desert, decidous forest)
13) Biosphere (The earth)

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4
Q

What is a producer?

A

Organism that uses sunlight of chemicals for energy

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5
Q

What is a consumer?

A

Organisms that eat producers and other consumers. (Herbivores & carnivores)

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6
Q

What are decomposers?

A

Organisms that eat dead and decomposing producers and other consumers. (Fungus & bacteria)

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7
Q

What is a prokaryote?

A

“pre” “nucleus” (No nucleus) (Bacteria)

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8
Q

What is a eukaryote?

A

“true” “nucleus” (Has a nucleus) (Humans)

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9
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

“self” “feeder”

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10
Q

What is a heterotroph?

A

“different” “feeder”

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11
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

1) Eubacteria
2) Archaebacteria
3) Eukarya

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12
Q

What are the 6 kingdoms?

A

1) Archaebacteria (Ancient, prokaryote)
2) Eubacteria (Prokaryote)
3) Protista (1 cell, Eukaryote)
4) Plantae (Multi-cell, autotroph, eukaryote) (Tree)
5) Fungi (Heterotroph, external digestion)
6) Animalia (Heterotroph, internal digestion)
(3-6 fall under the eukarya domain)

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13
Q

What does the acronym King Phil Came Over For Green Shakes mean?

A 
Kingdoms
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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14
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

An educated guess that can be tested

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15
Q

What is a theory?

A

It is not a fact because it cannot be observed, but has not been found to be untrue

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16
Q

What is a law?

A

A descriptive generalization about how some aspect of the natural world behaves under stated circumstances

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17
Q

What is evolution?

A

Change over time

18
Q

What is a fact?

A

An observation that has been repeatedly confirmed and cannot be disputed (EX: i am wearing red.)

19
Q

What is mutation?

A

A change in an organisms DNA

20
Q

What is survival of the fittest?

A

Only the most fit organisms will survive to pass their jeans onto their offspring (Darwinism)

21
Q

What is artificial selection?

A

When humans breed organisms for select traits

22
Q

For natural selection to happen you need….

A

1) Individuals very in form, function, and behavior
2) Adaptive Environmentally effected traits
* Organisms that do well in certain environments
3) Out come of differences are in survival and “reproduction”
* More fit more likely to survive & have offspring
4) Leads to a better fit with prevailing environmental conditions
* Weak ones die out & strong stay, means organisms better suited for their environment.

23
Q

What does Kilo- mean?

A

1,000

24
Q

What does Deca- mean?

A

10

25
Q

What does Deci- mean?

A

.1 or 1/10

26
Q

What does Centi- mean?

A

.01 or 1/100

27
Q

What does Milli- mean?

A

.001 or 1/1000

28
Q

What does Micro- mean?

A

.000001 or 1/1,000,000

29
Q

What are the 5 most important rules of graphing?

A

1) Use a title
2) Label and title units
3) Fill the graph paper
4) Evenly spaced increments
5) Independent variable on x-axis

30
Q

When do you use a pie graph?

A

When you show portion of a whole/percentages

31
Q

When do you use a bar graph?

A

When you are comparing

32
Q

When do you use a line graph?

A

When something is increasing (Time, temp., etc.)

33
Q

When do you use the light microscope?

A

For thin transparent specimens 1 cell thick (cells, tissues)

*TAN

34
Q

When do you use the dissection microscope?

A

To examine larger organisms and plants

 * It has 2 eyeholes
 * GREY
35
Q

When do you use the electron microscope?

A

For observing up to 10,000,000x

*Shoots electrons at organisms

36
Q

What is parfocal?

A

The lenses stay in focus even when changed

37
Q

What is objective?

A

3 of these on the nosepiece of microscope

38
Q

What is centrifuge?

A

It seperates solids and liquids

39
Q

Name the steps to the scientific method.

A

1) Identify a problem
2) Collect information about the problem
3) Create a hypothesis
4) Test the hypothesis
5) Make observations
6) Come to a conclusion
7) Revise the hypothesis and retest

40
Q

What is the 2 types of data that can be collected in experiments?

A

Quantitative and qualitative

41
Q

What does Hecto- mean?

A

100

Biology Honors (9 decks)

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