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biology gcse > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

Adrenaline

A

makes your heart beat faster and helps you breathe more efficiently

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2
Q

Auxin

A

hormone found in the shoots of plants

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3
Q

Basic Metabolic Rate

A

the speed at which oxygen and food products react to release energy into the body

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4
Q

Benedict’s Test

A

test for sugar, turns orange

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5
Q

Biuret’s Test

A

test for protein

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6
Q

Chemotropism

A

the tropism that causes roots to grow towards soil minerals

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7
Q

Contraceptive Methods

A

ways to stop women getting pregnant

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8
Q

Oral Contraceptive

A

release FSH, therefore affecting the ovaries to make sure no eggs mature, preventing pregnancy, and prevent the uterus lining developing

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9
Q

Implant or Skin Patch

A

similar to the contraceptive, these release progesterone to prevent sperm reaching the egg due to thickened mucus

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10
Q

Barrier Methods

A

create a barrier, preventing the sperm from reaching the egg

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11
Q

Spermicide

A

kills sperm so it cannot reach the egg

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12
Q

Intrauterine Methods

A

small structures inserted not the uterus by a doctor which release either copper, which prevents early embryos implanting in the uterus, or progesterone, which thickens the mucus of the cervix, preventing pregnancy

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13
Q

Surgical Methods

A

involve cutting or tying either the man’s sperm ducts or the women’s oviducts

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14
Q

Vasectomy

A

where sperm ducts are cut or tied, stopping sperm from reaching the eggs

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15
Q

Hysterectomy

A

where oviducts are cut or tied, stopping eggs from reaching the sperm

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16
Q

Abstinence

A

not having sex prevents getting pregnant

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17
Q

Deamination

A

a process occurring in the liver that removes the amino group from an amino acid to produce ammonia

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18
Q

Endocrine System

A

a system made up of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to coordinate the body

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19
Q

Ethene

A

a plant hormone that causes fruit to ripen

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20
Q

Fertility Treatments

A

treatments that help couples conceive

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21
Q

Hormonal Treatments

A

involves changing people’s hormones to increase their chances of conceiving

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22
Q

Artificial Insemination

A

involves putting sperm in in an artificial way

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23
Q

IVF

A

In-Vitro Fertilisation

where the egg and sperm are put together outside the body and then placed inside the womb

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24
Q

FSH

A

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

hormone that causes an egg to mature and stimulate the ovaries to produce oestrogen

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25
Q

Fructose

A

a type of simple sugar

26
Q

Geotropism

A

the tropism that causes shoots to grow away from gravity and roots to grow towards it

27
Q

Gibberellins

A

initiates seed germination, used by florists to make sure flowers are available all year round

28
Q

Glands

A

points in the body where hormones are secreted directly into the bloodsteam

29
Q

Adrenal

A

prepares the body for stressful situations by eliciting the ‘fight or flight’ response, located on each kidney

30
Q

Ovaries

A

controls the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the menstrual cycle

31
Q

Pancreas

A

controls the level of glucose in the blood

32
Q

Pituitary

A

controls growth in children, stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroxine to control the rate of metabolism, in women, it stimulates the ovaries to produce and release eggs and to produce oestrogen, and in men, it stimulates the testes to produce sperm and testosterone, located in the brain

33
Q

Testes

A

controls the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the production of sperm

34
Q

Thyroid

A

controls the metabolic rate of the body, located in the throat

35
Q

Glucagon

A

hormone involved in the control of blood sugar levels, breaks down glycogen into glucose

36
Q

Hormone

A

chemical messages that coordinate systems and travel in the bloodstream to cause a change in how the body works

37
Q

Hydrotropism

A

the tropism that causes roots to grow towards water

38
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroxine

39
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

where the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroxine

40
Q

Insulin

A

allows cells to absorb glucose in the blood, controls storage of glycogen in the liver

41
Q

Iodine

A

tests for starch, turns blue-black

42
Q

LH

A

Luteinising Hormone

hormone that causes mature eggs to be released from the ovary

43
Q

Negative Feedback

A

where levels of one hormone and controlled by another

44
Q

Oestrogen

A

hormone that stops the production of FSH, causes the pituitary gland to secrete LH

45
Q

Optimum Temperature

A

temperature where the reaction works as fast as possible

46
Q

Phototropism

A

the tropism that causes shoots to grow towards the light and roots to grow away from it

47
Q

Progesterone

A

maintains the lining of the uterus wall

48
Q

Rooting Powder

A

promotes root growth, eg in cuttings

49
Q

Sudan III

A

tests for lipids, turns red

50
Q

Target Organ

A

the specific organ on which a drug, hormone or other substance acts

51
Q

Testosterone

A

the male hormone

52
Q

Thigotropism

A

the tropism that causes shoots to grow towards touch, eg ivy

53
Q

TSH

A

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

the hormone that regulates the amount of thyroxine hormone in the body

54
Q

Thyroxine

A

the hormone that the thyroid gland secretes into the bloodstream, controls the basic metabolic rate and plays an important role in growth and development

55
Q

Tropism

A

directional growth response

56
Q

Positive Tropism

A

causes plants to grow towards stimuli

57
Q

Negative Tropism

A

causes plants to grow away from stimuli

58
Q

Weedkillers

A

contains a hormone forcing the plants to grow too quickly so that they cannot photosynthesise fast enough and die of stress, used in biological warfare

59
Q

Glucagon

A

hormone involved in the control of blood sugar levels, breaks down glycogen into glucose

60
Q

Xerostomia

A

when your mouth goes dry, often due to stress or anxiety as, when you are stressed, your body suppresses the digestion system so that most of the body’s resources are available for fight or flight, which includes suppressing salivation

biology gcse (12 decks)

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