De-ice / Contam Rwy / Cold Hot Wx

Question 1

Deice versus anti-ice definition

Answer 1

Deicing is the removal of frozen contamination with heated fluid or hot air. Anti-icing is the protective coating of fluid with a hold overtime.

Question 2

Clean aircraft concept?
Allowed exceptions?

Answer 2

Takeoff prohibited with any frost ice or snow on any control surface wing engine or critical surface. 
1/8 inch frost OK bottom cold soaked. Hoarfrost OK down to just above windows on the fuselage

Question 3

Critical surfaces?

Answer 3

Obvious plus pitot static ports (watch for frozen dribbles) ram air APU inlet. probes and sensors. Gear free of snow or ice.

Question 4

Representative surface from the flight deck? Cabin?

Answer 4

Flight deck : radome. Cabin: wing and leading edge and engine inlet’s

Question 5

When does holdover time start?

Answer 5

When the anti- ice fluid application begins. Not de-ice.

Question 6

How much does frost decrease lift and increase drag?

Answer 6

Up to 30% less lift and 40% more drag

Question 7

If overnight protection fluid applied there should be a form left on the captains seat. What must happen before departure?

Answer 7

Fluid must be removed from aircraft By type 1. 

Question 8

If at off-line station consult with dispatcher. if not trained to Delta specifications what must always be done?

Answer 8

Cabin inspection Before Takeoff
And agree on signal that a/c clear to start engines and / or taxi

Question 9

Emergency during deice: if on the plane? If on the ground?

Answer 9

If on the plane: call the deice/coordinator on VHF and flash exterior lights on and off. Shut down engines.
If I on the ground coordinator will direct all aircraft to shut down engines.

Question 10

If FO has a question about fluid dripping from airplane on preflight inspection?

Answer 10

Hydraulic fluid and anti-ice fluid very similar. Call maintenance as necessary.

Question 11

Flight deck check: always performed if Icing conditions exist. When is it necessary to conduct a cabin check? if cabin check is good, how long are you good to takeoff?

Answer 11

If any doubt exist Or if holdover time has been exceeded. If cabin check OK then no more than five minutes to takeoff.

Question 12

When is a cabin check not authorized?

Answer 12

Freezing drizzle, light freezing rain, rain on cold soaked wing, or ice pellets. Check both wings and engine inlets. 

Question 13

What is one good indication of anti-icing fluid failure?

Answer 13

Seeing any signs of frozen precipitation on top of  fluid

Question 14

Pilot assessment of snow intensity: if heavier: then? If lighter: then?

Answer 14

If heavier than apply heavier condition. If lighter then request new report from tower. Wait. May act on own assessment only for snow and ice pellets when grossly different from report.

Question 15

Caveat if LPR for return to takeoff runway

Answer 15

Must enter takeoff gross weight

Question 16

If have speed restriction after takeoff not associated with a waypoint, how enter?how get back to normal profile if restriction is met/discontinued. ?

Answer 16

Go to PERF page and enter at 4L PRESEL. When finished with required speed, press for manage speed and will accelerate to 250 kt. 

Question 17

Get a low altitude level off, what’s going to happen

Answer 17

Fast acceleration so be ready with flap retraction

Question 18

Notify dispatcher of change in cost index for?

Answer 18

Flights over six hours

Question 19

Max RATE of climb is about the same as what? and if known answer then what are those speeds?

Answer 19

Turbulence penetration speed

-300 240 kt below 20,000 260 .78M above

-200 240 to 20,000. 260 .80M

Neo 250 to 10,000. 270 .80M above 

Question 20

Waypoint entry for 5420N?

Answer 20

N54W020

Question 21

Encounter unexpected moderate turbulence?

Answer 21

Eng Ignition- ON.

Send turbulence report. 

Question 22

Altitude optimization: when considering step climb always good to update winds if not current. (Issued 1800z 0000z 0600z). What is fuel penalty for 4000 below optimum altitude? 2000 above or below?

Answer 22

5%
2% 2000 above or below

Question 23

If holdover time exceeded then?

Answer 23

Cabin check and takeoff must be performed within 5 minutes 

Question 24

Cabin check not authorized if?

Answer 24

Freezing drizzle, light freezing rain, rain on cold soaked wing or ice pellets have fallen. check both wings and engine inlets. Fail equals seeing any precip on top of fluid. 

Question 25

What is LWE?

Answer 25

Liquid water equivalent. New and only at certain stations. LWE updates every minute so is more accurate. Has its own holdover table. Just enter lwe value and holdover time calculated.

Question 26

Iceman - definition
De-icer - definition
If APU is running ?

Answer 26

Iceman- vhf coordinator
De-icer- Man in the bucket

Tell de-icer.

Question 27

Packed dry snow is listed as wet (W) in takeoff decision tree. When does the runway become contaminated?

Answer 27

Contaminated runway corresponds to WDR codes of Q, H and I. Also remember with code W even tho it may be packed snow if code W, then Flex TO is authorized. Tho may want TOGA…

Question 28

Deicing fumes can cause _____

Answer 28

False smoke fwd aft bulk, CRG smoke warning 

Question 29

Hot weather and temperature greater than 30 C and aircraft not overnighting? 

Answer 29

leave flaps 1 for prevent nuisance Ecam AIR L(R) wing leak. Arriving crew: flaps up for alignment.

Question 30

Caveat with flaps out in icing conditions?

Answer 30

CAUTION: Avoid extended flight with slats extended

Increase landing distance by 1.1 if significant ice accretion. (Wing a/i on long time).

See cold-weather procedures for minimum approach speed with significant ice accretion

Question 31

Arrive to cockpit and very cold for some reason considerations? 

Answer 31

DU May take extended time to warm up. Could put window heat on if needed then auto later.

Question 32

If very cold, what precautions or caveats for APU/engine start? 

Answer 32

If temperature is less than -15C use external ground power to start - that is no APU battery start.

Engine oil pressure may be slow to rise. And rise may be higher than normal. If oil temperature less than 5C, then oil filter clog message may be displayed. Also, oil quantity may temporarily drop to zero. 

Question 33

If have frost on bottom of wing from cold soak then should also?

Answer 33

Check top of wing after fueling is complete 

Question 34

Hot app. Discuss. Preparations for use?

Answer 34

Primary tool for holdover. De ice guide secondary. Have airplane mode off to get cellular weather updates to work. LWE is liquid water equivalent. More accurate.

Question 35

If encounter freezing ground fog what are considerations?

Answer 35

Special core ice shedding procedures for 900. For other planes: restrictions for taxi to takeoff and if encountered on landing, must record time exposed in logbook for next crew.

Question 36

Be aware with contaminated Taxi ways and using ENG anti ice?

Answer 36

Higher engine, idle and possible slipping when cornering.

Question 37

Maximum depth for slush standing water or wet snow on the runway for takeoff? dry snow?

Answer 37

.5”
4”

Question 38

Do not land if slush or wet snow in excess of _____or dry snow in excess of______.

Answer 38

1”
4”

Question 39

Contaminated, runway landing considerations.

Answer 39

Stable approach, on speed. touchdown early in landing zone. No floating. Medium auto brakes or max manual. max symmetrical thrust. back to idle if drifting. Correct to central line and reapply reverse thrust. Do not land if water or slush greater than 1 inch. Dry snow greater than 4 inches. Last 2000 feet suspect. very slow for turn off.

Question 40

Do not perform a flex takeoff when

Answer 40

Unstable weather or runway is contaminated or co pg. R emember for WDR, W will also be the code for packed snow and this is technically OK for a flex takeoff. In regards to a flex takeoff only WDR codes Q, H and I are “contaminated “ and flex not OK. 

Question 41

Contaminated runway considerations for landing? 

Answer 41

Consider inoperative equipment/MEL. Type and amount of contamination and source of breaking report. Touchdown early in the touchdown zone. Getting nose wheel to ground quickly. If judged, prudent, idle reverse. Usable runway and taxiway notams. aTiS flightplan remarks. X wind/idle reverse. If on manual brakes and feel releasing antiskid, keep pressure, constant or increasing.

Question 42

Can you perform an auto land on a contaminated runway? 

Answer 42

No.

Question 43

Can you perform a cat II or cat III approach on a contaminanted runway?

Answer 43

No, since it is an auto land, and that is prohibited.

Question 44

Caution for landing gear may freeze after takeoff if contaminated with snow or slush. Considerations?

Answer 44

Consider leaving landing gear down until flaps are retracted to allow higher air speed to blow snow or slush free of gear. 

Question 45

When taxing over significant amounts of deicing fluid, do what? 

Answer 45

Limit thrust to minimum required to prevent buildup on engine compressor blades, which can lead to compressor stalls and engine surges 

Question 46

Ice crystal icing at altitude. Tiny flower sized ice crystals that and heavy concentrations can overwhelm Peto systems and cars on liable air speed. TAT reading during this situation is what? 

Answer 46

0 degrees C
Usually will see convective activity turbulence static on the radio’s and Saint Elmo‘s fire due to static charge from solid ice crystals hitting the aircraft.