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Epi Mix > Epi Mix Y 4801-5000 > Flashcards

Epi Mix Y 4801-5000 Flashcards

1
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease is similar in appearance to Foot and Mouth Disease

A

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2
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease causes skin lesions in cattle

A

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3
Q

Judging from the clinical signs, Swine Vesicular Disease cannot be differentiated from FMD

A

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4
Q

Lameness can be a sign of Swine Vesicular Disease

A

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5
Q

Haemorrhages in the parenchymal organs are frequent postmortem lesions of avian encephalomyelitis

A

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6
Q

Haemorrhages are frequent postmortem lesions of avian encephalomyelitis

A

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7
Q

There is germinative spread in the case of avian encephalomyelitis

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8
Q

There is no germinative infection in the case of avian encephalomyelitis

A

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9
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted germinatively

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10
Q

Tremor is a typical clinical sign of avian encephalomyelitis

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11
Q

Avian Encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the eggf

A

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12
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis virus can infect chicken

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13
Q

Clinical signs of avian encephalomyelitis can be seen in animals up to 5 weeks of age

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14
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces

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15
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a double stranded DNA virus

A

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16
Q

Chickens are susceptible to avian encephalomyelitis virus

A

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17
Q

Germinative infection is a way of spreading of avian encephalomyelitis virus

A

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18
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by enterovirus

A

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19
Q

Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus is 11 (9-10) days following PO infection

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20
Q

Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus depends on the mode of infection

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21
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a hepatovirus

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22
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis virus kills the embryo

A

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23
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis is present only in chickens

A

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24
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis virus is killed at hatching temperature

A

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25
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis spreads both horizontally and via eggs

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26
Q

Infection via eggs does not occur in Avian encephalomyelitis

A

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27
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis is not transmitted through the egg

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28
Q

Germinative infection can happen in the case of duck hepatitis

A

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29
Q

Spasmodical paddling is a frequent clinical sign of duck hepatitis

A

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30
Q

The resistance of duck hepatitis A virus is high

A

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31
Q

Ducks are infected with the duck hepatitis A virus generally per os

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32
Q

Duck hepatitis cannot be prevented with vaccination

A

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33
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in the faeces

A

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34
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus does not cause viraemia

A

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35
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus can cause germinative infection

A

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36
Q

Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen mainly in laying ducks

A

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37
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus can be detected with PCR

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38
Q

rminative infection is the primary way of infection with Duck hepatitis A Virus.

A

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39
Q

Clinical signs of Duck hepatitis are seen in 1-4 week old ducklings

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40
Q

Per os infection is a common way of infection with duck hepatitis A virus

A

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41
Q

Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen in all age groups

A

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42
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis is present in Hungary on a large scale

A

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43
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis can be caused by multiple virus spp./serotypes.

A

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44
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings

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45
Q

The primary replication site is the GI tract in Duck Viral Hepatitis

A

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46
Q

Type 4 Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

A

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47
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis is caused by type 1 and 2 coronavirus

A

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48
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis causes haemorrhagic enteritis in older ducks

A

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49
Q

Pathogens of Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

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50
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus is shed in the faeces by infected animals

A

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51
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus infects animals mainly per os

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52
Q

Encephalomyocarditis infections are rare

A

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53
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect only pigs

A

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54
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus remains infective in the environment

A

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55
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause per os infection

A

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56
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect humans

A

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57
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus has a narrow host range.

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58
Q

Rodents can maintain encephalomyocarditis infection

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59
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause necrosis of the heart muscle

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60
Q

Encephalomyocarditis is a zoonosis

A

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61
Q

Encephalomyocarditis may be deadly for elephants

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62
Q

FMD is a chronic disease

A

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63
Q

FMD spreads slowly within the herd

A

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64
Q

FMD virus is shed by semen

A

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65
Q

Dogs are susceptible to FMD

A

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66
Q

Foot and mouth disease is serologically uniform

A

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67
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus is uniform, there are no serotype or subtypes of it

A

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68
Q

Because of the high variability of FMD virus cross protection cannot be observed even within the serotype

A

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69
Q

Within the FMD serotypes, subtypes can be differentiated

A

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70
Q

The sample from the FMD suspected animal should be submitted to lab cooled but not frozen

A

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71
Q

FMD ulcers are usually sharp edged and regular round shaped

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72
Q

The foot and mouth disease is classified into 7 serotypes

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73
Q

The primary replication site for FMD is the tongue mucosa

A

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74
Q

FMD can be transmitted by frozen meat

A

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75
Q

The peracut form of FMD causes severe haemorrhages and death by shock

A

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76
Q

The chronic form of FMD means arthritis

A

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77
Q

FMD is transmitted by insect vectors

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78
Q

Vesicles of FMD can fully recover after immune response

A

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79
Q

FMD causes the loss of hoof in swine

A

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80
Q

Foot and mouth disease can be carried for long time in the hoof tissue

A

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81
Q

The SAT-1,2 and 3 serotypes of FMD virus are present in Africa and Arabia

A

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82
Q

In humid cold environment, the FMD virus can retain its infectivity for weeks

A

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83
Q

Even the vaccinated animals can carry and shed the FMD virus

A

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84
Q

The main host (reservoir) of foot and mouth disease virus is swine

A

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85
Q

FMD induces lameness in sheep and oral vesicles in goats

A

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86
Q

FMD virus is shed in milk

A

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87
Q

The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in dried milk for months

A

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88
Q

The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in frozen milk for months

A

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89
Q

There are no neutralizing antibodies produced against foot and mouth disease virus

A

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90
Q

For laboratory tests foot and mouth disease samples should be submitted in buffered transport medium

A

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91
Q

For laboratory tests FMD samples should be submitted frozen

A

f

92
Q

The resistance of foot and mouth disease virus is low

A

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93
Q

The foot and mouth disease virus can retain its infectivity for 40 days in manure

A

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94
Q

In Europe supportive therapy is applied in the treatment of FMD

A

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95
Q

Frothy and sticky nasal discharge is the characteristic sign of FMD

A

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96
Q

The hedgehog is susceptible to FMD

A

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97
Q

All serotypes of foot and mouth disease can be detected worldwide

A

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98
Q

Foot and mouth disease can cause myocarditis in young animals

A

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99
Q

Ruminants can carry foot and mouth disease virus for up to 3 years

A

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100
Q

The Asia serotype of FMD virus is present in Turkey and in the Middle East

A

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101
Q

The FMD virus is enveloped

A

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102
Q

FMD virus cannot be propagated in cell culture

A

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103
Q

FMD virus cannot be isolated in cell culture

A

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104
Q

24 hours after the inoculation of FMD virus into guinea pig paw pad vesicle formation can be observed

A

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105
Q

The FMD mortality is nearly 100%

A

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106
Q

The mortality of foot and mouth disease is very high in all age groups

A

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107
Q

The FMD suspected sample should be sent to lab by post (in mail)

A

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108
Q

FMD virus can be transmitted by feed

A

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109
Q

Animals with foot and mouth disease shed the virus in the saliva

A

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110
Q

Animals can be infected with foot and mouth disease by inhalation

A

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111
Q

The primary replication sites of foot and mouth disease are the lymph nodes

A

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112
Q

The primary replication sites of foot and mouth disease is the bone marrow

A

f

113
Q

Horses are susceptible to foot and mouth disease

A

f

114
Q

Cattle shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time comparing to swine

A

f

115
Q

The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to the environmental conditions

A

f

116
Q

We can observe the most severe foot and mouth disease signs on sheep

A

f

117
Q

In the control of foot and mouth disease vaccines are used in Europe

A

f

118
Q

Vaccination using attenuated vaccines is the main way of control of foot and mouth in Europe

A

f

119
Q

9 hours after infection foot and mouth disease virus can be shed by the infected animals

A

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120
Q

Swine shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time than cattle

A

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121
Q

Pigs shed more foot and mouth disease virus than cattle

A

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122
Q

The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to acidic pH

A

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123
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus can infect ruminants and pigs

A

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124
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus can only infect animals

A

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125
Q

FMD is sporadic in Europe

A

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126
Q

Resistance of FMD virus is high, in the environment it remains infectious for weeks

A

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127
Q

FMD virus frequently causes carditis is young animals

A

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128
Q

Water buffalos are not susceptible for FMD

A

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129
Q

The main signs of FMD are: fever, salivation, formation of vesicles and lameness

A

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130
Q

Serological examinations are important in diagnosis of FMD

A

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131
Q

In Europe vaccines must not be used for prevention of FMD

A

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132
Q

In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild, it is not easy to recognize

A

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133
Q

For Europe Middle-East, Africa and Asia are the main danger to introduce FMD

A

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134
Q

In young animal FMD virus frequently causes myocarditis

A

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135
Q

FMD virus is highly contagious, spreads rapidly

A

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136
Q

In endemically infected countries vaccines are also used in prevention of FMD

A

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137
Q

O and A serotypes of FMD are mostly widespread in the world

A

T

138
Q

In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild

A

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139
Q

he resistance of FMD virus is rather low, in the environment it is inactivated within days

A

f

140
Q

About half of the countries of the world are presently infected with FMD

A

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141
Q

FMD virus can get into Europe most easily from Turkey, Middle East and North- Africa

A

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142
Q

FMD virus can cause severe myocarditis in young calves and piglets

A

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143
Q

In infected countries inactivated vaccine are also used for prevention of FMD

A

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144
Q

Pigs shed large amount of FMD virus with their saliva during the acute phase of the disease

A

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145
Q

FMD virus is genetically and serologically uniform

A

f

146
Q

The main reservoirs of FMD virus are cattle and buffalo

A

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147
Q

FMD virus is carried in the tonsils, lymphatic tissues and hoof of the infected animal

A

t

148
Q

FMD erosions are characteristic with tattered edge and red base

A

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149
Q

Vaccination against FMD can prevent the infection

A

f

150
Q

FMD virus retains its infectivity for more than a month in manure

A

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151
Q

Genotype C of FMD virus is the most frequently detected worldwide

A

f

152
Q

Swine shed about 1000-3000% higher FMD virus concentration comparing to ruminants

A

t

153
Q

Shedding of FMD virus starts 3 days after the infection

A

f

154
Q

FMD virus is shed by semen too

A

t

155
Q

Vaccinated animals can carry FMD virus

A

t

156
Q

Comparing to cattle swine show milder vesicular symptoms

A

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157
Q

Myocarditis can be a result of Foot and Mouth disease cases

A

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158
Q

Vesicles are often seen on the tongue of Foot and Mouth disease infected cattle

A

t

159
Q

Europe is endemically infected with Foot and Mouth disease

A

f

160
Q

Vaccination against Foot and Mouth disease results in type specific immunity

A

t

161
Q

Pigs are not susceptible to Foot and Mouth disease

A

f

162
Q

Foot and Mouth disease virus can be shed from infected animals during the incubation time

A

t

163
Q

Vaccination is currently used against Foot and Mouth disease in Europe

A

f

164
Q

Foot and Mouth disease virus can only infect ruminants.

A

f

165
Q

Foot and Mouth disease is not present in South America

A

f

166
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus may cause severe heart muscle damage in young calves

A

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167
Q

Foot and mouth disease are endemic in Europe

A

f

168
Q

Foot and mouth disease is clinically more severe in pigs than in cattle

A

f

169
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus can replicate in epithelial and myocardial cells

A

t

170
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus is spread by infected saliva and vesicle fluids within the herd

A

t

171
Q

Foot and mouth disease is caused by F2 viruses

A

f

172
Q

Recovery from foot and mouth disease induces type specific protection

A

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173
Q

FMD has 7 known serotypes

A

t

174
Q

There are 3 subtypes SAT 1, 2, 3 in the SAT serotype

A

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175
Q

FMD replicates primarily in the pharynx

A

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176
Q

In the Asian serotype of FMD there are 3 subtypes, Asia 1, 2 and 3

A

f

177
Q

FMD causes most severe symptoms in pigs

A

f

178
Q

Vaccination is used against FMD

A

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179
Q

Europe is currently free from FMD

A

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180
Q

FMD replicates in the skin

A

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181
Q

FMD cause skin lesions in bovine

A

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182
Q

FMD cause skin signs in swine

A

t

183
Q

In sheep, clinical signs are usually more severe than in cattle

A

f

184
Q

For prevention of FMD in Europe only State Vet steps are used

A

t

185
Q

Inactivated vaccines can be used in endemically infected countries

A

t

186
Q

Only the live attenuated strains can provide good immunity

A

f

187
Q

Vaccination of cattle herds is permitted everywhere

A

f

188
Q

FMD is characteristic with fever, salivation and vesicle formation in the skin and mucous membranes

A

t

189
Q

The replication time of FMD virus is over one day

A

f

190
Q

Calicivirus can cause persisting infections in the tonsils

A

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191
Q

Sapoviruses cause gastrointestinal infections in human

A

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192
Q

The VES infection results in clinical signs similar to that of FMD

A

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193
Q

The VES virus can survive in water for 2 weeks

A

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194
Q

The primary source of VES infection is sea origin feed

A

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195
Q

VES causes the highest mortality in pregnant sows

A

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196
Q

VES causes mortality in piglets

A

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197
Q

VES is more contagious than FMD

A

f

198
Q

Lameness is one of the signs of vesicular exanthema in swine

A

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199
Q

Vaccines are ideally used for the prevention against swine vesicular exanthema

A

f

200
Q

Swine vesicular exanthema virus is present worldwide

A

f

Epi Mix (35 decks)

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